关于颅脑超声与磁共振对新生儿颅内出血的检查方法研究  

Research on Diagnostic Methods for Intracranial Hemorrhage in Newborns

作　　者：杨怡[1] 钟晓红 周守兰 YANG Yi;ZHONG Xiao-hong;ZHOU Shou-lan(Department of Ultrasound Medicine,Women and Children’s Hospital,School of Medicine,Xiamen University,Xiamen Maternal and Child,Fujian Xiamen 361003)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院,厦门市妇幼保健院超声医学科,福建厦门361003

出　　处：《中国医疗器械信息》2024年第12期1-3,共3页China Medical Device Information

摘　　要：目的:探寻新生儿颅内出血(intracranial hemorrhage,ICH)的影像学诊断方法及临床选择。方法:回顾性分析厦门市妇幼保健院2023年7月~2023年12月收治的662例新生儿资料,均行头颅超声检查,其中头颅超声诊断ICH新生儿52例,所有患儿均1~3d行核磁共振(MRI)检查。并以MRI检查结果作为参考标准,分析颅脑超声诊断新生儿ICH结果的准确性,帮助临床选择合适的检查方式。结果:超声对Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级ICH诊断率高于MRI;对Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级ICH超声与MRI诊断差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MRI对脑实质点状出血、蛛网膜下腔和少量的硬膜下出血敏感性高于头颅超声。结论:新生儿ICH诊断中颅脑超声与MRI检查均具备较好的价值,鉴于其低成本、低辐射、简单便携的床边检查特点,以及对短期治疗没有影响的优势,可首选头颅超声检查。Objective:To explore the imaging diagnostic methods and clinical selection for intracranial hemorrhage(ICH)in neonates.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 662 neonates admitted to Xiamen Maternity and Child Health Hospital from July 2023 to December 2023.All neonates underwent cranial ultrasound examination,and 52 neonates were diagnosed with ICH by cranial ultrasound.All neonates underwent magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)within 1 to 3 days.Using MRI results as the reference standard,the accuracy of cranial ultrasound in diagnosing ICH in neonates was analyzed to assist in selecting appropriate clinical examination methods.Results:The diagnostic rate of cranial ultrasound for Grade Ⅰ and Grade Ⅱ ICH was higher than that of MRI;There was no significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and MRI for grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ ICH(P>0.05).MRI was more sensitive than cranial ultrasound in detecting punctate hemorrhage in the brain parenchyma,subarachnoid space,and a small amount of subdural hemorrhage.Conclusion:Both cranial ultrasound and MRI examinations have good value in the diagnosis of neonatal ICH.Given its low cost,low radiation,simple and portable bedside examination characteristics,as well as its advantages of having no impact on short-term treatment,cranial ultrasound can be the preferred choice.

关 键 词：颅内出血 新生儿 颅脑超声 核磁共振 

分 类 号：R445[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]