“任性原子”反例与随附物理主义  

Wayward Atom and Supervenience Physicalism

作　　者：李铖[1] LI Cheng(School of Public Administration,Changsha New Generation of AI Ethical Governance&Public Policy Lab,Department of Philosophy,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学公共管理学院、长沙新一代人工智能伦理治理与公共政策实验室、哲学系,长沙410081

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2024年第5期47-52,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：随附物理主义是非还原物理主义者利用随附关系构建的心身理论。作为非还原物理主义的对手,还原物理主义者提出了“任性原子”反例质疑随附物理主义。按照“任性原子”反例,一旦物理属性发生微小的改变,心理属性会出现彻底的变化。为了应对该反例,随附物理主义者提出了“相似性”方案,修改了原有的表述。然而,该方案仍留有“任性原子”反例成立的理论空间。实际上,一种“琐屑”方案便能卓有成效地应对“任性原子”反例。依照“琐屑”方案,“任性原子”反例混淆了“微小的”与“无关紧要的”这两个不同的概念,还忽略了物理知识的发展性。从而,“任性原子”反例并不能对随附物理主义构成实质的威胁。Supervenience physicalism is the mind-body theory nonreductive physicalist uses supervenience to build.As an opponent to nonreductive physicalism,reductive physicalists proposed"wayward atom"as a counterexample to doubt supervenience physicalism.According to"wayward atom",once physical properties vary slightly,mental properties vary vastly.In order to deal with this counterexample,supervenience physicalists put forward"similarity"approach to revise the original expression.However,this approach couldn't explain away"wayward atom"This paper provides a"trivial theory"approach.According to"trivial theory"approach,the proponent of"wayward atom"misunderstood"minute"and"insignificant",and ignored the development of physicalknowledge.Therefore,"waywardatom"istrivial.

关 键 词：物理主义 非还原论 心身问题 随附关系 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]