面向“后乡村性”的农村社会学:认识论危机与变革  

Facing"Post-Rurality":Epistemological Crisis and Breakthough of Rural Sociology

作　　者：吴越菲 WU Yuefei

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心暨社会发展学院 [2]上海市“中国特色的转型社会学研究”社会科学创新研究基地

出　　处：《社会科学》2024年第6期16-27,53,共13页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“新时期基层社会利益治理的抗解性及其实践应对研究”(项目编号:23BSH080);上海市哲学社会科学规划项目“新内生发展视角下大都市郊区的‘后乡村性’及其治理模式研究”(项目编号:2022BSH013)的阶段性成果;“上海市白玉兰人才计划浦江项目”(项目编号:2023PJC038)的资助。

摘　　要：由传统“乡土社会”向“后乡土社会”的发展转型已经成为当前中国农村社会学研究的重要现实背景和理论命题。究竟何谓乡村转型之“后”?又如何认识乡村转型发展之“后”?这牵扯出当前农村社会学界感到焦灼但又尚未被充分讨论的认识论议题。现代主义叙事框架下的农村社会学亟需补充新的认识框架,从而更好地理解“乡村”之存在与生成。如果说“乡村性”表达的是既存、稳定的结果特征,那么“后乡村性”则指向一种非既存、动态、开放的过程特征,其涉及人类社会制造乡村的反身性实践。当前乡村转型发展的“后乡村性”超越了现代主义话语的认识阈限,使传统农村社会学陷入认识论危机。面向“后乡村性”的当代中国农村社会学需要在“乡村”的再概念化、“超地域边界”的认识进路以及理论的自省性转向方面推动认识变革。The conclusion that Chinese countryside is transforming from traditional"rural society"to"postrural society"constitutes an important realistic background and knowledge proposition of current rural sociology.What is the meaning of"post"in rural transformation?How does rural sociology understand the"post"of rural transformation and development?It involves the epistemological issues that rural sociology is experiencing at present,but has not been fully discussed.Rural sociology under the narrative framework of modernism is in urgent need of a supplementary cognitive framework,so as to better understand the being and becoming of countryside.If"rurality"expresses the existing and stable result characteristics,then"post-rurality"refers to a non-existing,dynamic and open process characteristics,which involves the reflexive practice of"making"the countryside in human society.At present,the post-rural character of rural transformation and development has exceeded the cognitive threshold of modernist discourse and plunged traditional rural sociology into an epistemological crisis.The contemporary Chinese rural sociology facing"post-rural"needs to promote the cognitive reform in the reconceptualization of"rural",the cognitive approach of hyperterritorial boundary and the reflective theory.

关 键 词：“后乡村性” 农村社会学 认识论危机 变革 

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