2011—2022年济南市非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning incidents in Jinan,2011-2022

作　　者：孔子昂 李明君[2] 单冰 崔亮亮 阮师漫 KONG Zi-ang;LI Ming-jun;SHAN Bing;CUI Liang-liang;RUAN Shi-man(School of Public Health,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250012,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学附属济南市疾病预防控制中心 [3]济南市医疗保障局

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第12期2169-2173,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2022年济南市卫生健康委员会大数据科技计划项目(2022-BD-05)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2011—2022年济南市非职业性一氧化碳(carbon monoxide, CO)中毒事件,掌握其流行病学特点,为进一步降低非职业性CO中毒事件发病率和死亡率提出意见和建议。方法 采用描述性分析方法对资料进行分析,率的比较使用χ^(2)检验。结果 2011—2022年济南市累计报告非职业性CO中毒事件3 003起,中毒病例4 208例,年均中毒病例351例,60岁以上人群是中毒高发人群。中毒死亡病例共125例,病死率2.97%,其中危重症患者病死率显著高于其他人群(χ^(2)=45.54,P<0.001)。非职业性CO中毒年均发病率为47.48/100万,年均死亡率为1.18/100万。济南市非职业性CO中毒事件的发生日期具有明显的季节性特征,与冬春季取暖季节基本一致。在明确原因的中毒事件中,取暖不当是引起中毒的主要原因(2 554,87.4%),其次是燃气、煤气泄漏(207,7.1%)和食用木炭火锅及其他炭烤食品(113,3.9%)。结论 济南市非职业性CO中毒发病率虽整体呈现下降趋势,但中毒人数仍然较多,中毒原因多样,在对居民加强安全教育的同时,需要多部门联合开展相应检查及预防工作。Objective To analyze the non-occupational carbon monoxide(CO)poisoning incidents in Jinan City from 2011 to 2022,to grasp their epidemiological characteristics,and propose suggestions for further reducing the morbidity and mortality of non-occupational CO poisoning.Methodss Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data.The chi-square test was used to compare the rates.Results From 2011 to 2022,Jinan City reported 3003 incidents of non-occupational CO poisoning,with 4208 cases of poisoning.The average number of poisoning cases per year was 351,with the population over 60 years old being the high-risk group for poisoning.There was a total of 125 deaths,with a fatality rate of 2.97%.The mortality rate of critically ill patients was significantly higher than that of other groups(χ^(2)=45.54,P<0.001).The average annual incidence of non-occupational CO poisoning was 47.48 per million,and the average annual mortality rate was 1.18 per million.The date of occurrence of non-occupational CO poisoning in Jinan City had obvious seasonal characteristics,which was consistent with the winter and spring heating seasons.Among poisoning incidents with clear causes,improper heating was a major cause of poisoning(2554,87.4%),followed by gas leaks(207,7.1%),and the consumption of charcoal hot pots and other charcoal-grilled foods(113,3.9%).Conclusion Although the incidence of non-occupational CO poisoning in Jinan is on a downward trend,the number of people poisoned is still high,and the causes of poisoning are diverse.Therefore it is necessary for multiple departments to jointly carry out the corresponding inspection and preventive work while strengthening the safety education for the residents.

关 键 词：非职业性一氧化碳中毒 流行病学特征 中毒原因 

分 类 号：R595.1[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]