基本医疗保险对我国儿童健康的影响研究  

Impacts of basic medical insurance on children's health in China

作　　者：董晓宇 程怀志[1] 高凌霄 陈东权 商杰森 田若童 郭斌[1] DONG Xiao-yu;CHENG Huai-zhi;GAO Ling-xiao;CHEN Dong-quan;SHANG Jie-sen;TIAN Ruo-tong;GUO Bin(Daqing Campus of Harbin Medical University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学大庆校区,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第12期2215-2220,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2023G006);大学生创新创业训练项目(20230226D039)。

摘　　要：目的 了解基本医疗保险对我国儿童健康状况的影响及效应值,提出相应对策建议。方法 基于中国家庭追踪调查2016年和2020年两期数据,采用倾向得分匹配和双重差分法剖析基本医疗保险对儿童健康的影响程度。结果 基本医疗保险对儿童健康状况的促进效果为4.9%(β=0.049,SE=0.028),减少卫生费用和提高卫生服务利用的中介效应不显著,但能够使学龄前儿童、女童、乡村、西部地区和低收入家庭的儿童健康状况分别提升9.1%(β=0.091,SE=0.038)、7.8%(β=0.078,SE=0.043)、9.3%(β=0.093,SE=0.041)、12.0%(β=0.120,SE=0.051)和9.3%(β=0.093,SE=0.055)。结论 基本医疗保险在促进儿童健康方面发挥着积极作用,但仍需进一步完善基本医疗保险,夯实多层次医疗保障制度,重点关注女童、乡村和西部地区儿童的参保公平性,全力保障儿童健康。Objective To understand the impact and effect value of basic medical insurance on the health status of children in China,and to propose corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.Symbol`@@Methods Based on the data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies in 2016 and 2020,this study examined the extent to which basic medical insurance impacts children’s health using the Propensity-Score-Matching and Difference-in-Difference models.Results The findings indicated that basic medicalinsurance could promote the health status of children by 4.9%(β=0.049,SE=0.028).However,the mediating effects of reducing health costs and improving health service utilization were found to be insignificant.Moreover,the study revealed that the health status of preschool children,girls,rural areas,western regions,and low-income families can be improved by 9.1%(β=0.091,SE=0.038),7.8%(β=0.078,SE=0.043),9.3%(β=0.093,SE=0.041),12.0%(β=0.120,SE=0.051),and 9.3%(β=0.093,SE=0.055)respectively.Symbol`@@Conclusion This study concludes that basic medical insurance plays a positive role in enhancing children’s health.Therefore,it is crucial to continuously strengthen the basic medical insurance system and reinforce the multi-tiered healthcare security framework.Attention should also be given to ensuring fairness for girls and children in rural and western areas,in order to fully protect children’s health.

关 键 词：基本医疗保险 儿童健康 倾向得分匹配 双重差分法 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]