不同动物血液对于鼠疫菌生长影响的实验研究  

Experimental study on the effects of different animal blood on the growth of Yersinia pestis

作　　者：赵莹 张玲玲 霍小玉 黄雪娟 郭敏 高子厚[2,3] 苏超 ZHAO Ying;ZHANG Ling-ling;HUO Xiao-yu;HUANG Xue-juan;GUO Min;GAO Zi-hou;SU Chao(School of Public Health,Dali University,Dali,Yunnan 671000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]大理大学公共卫生学院,云南大理671000 [2]云南省地方病防治所 [3]云南省自然疫源性疾病防控技术重点实验室 [4]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第12期2235-2241,2276,共8页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32360248,81660554);“兴滇英才支持计划”(YNWR-MY-2018-035);云南省重大科技专项课题(202102AA100019)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨应用不同物种、不同浓度动物血制作的培养基对于鼠疫菌生长的影响,为优化改良鼠疫菌培养基提供理论依据。方法 使用0.1%、0.5%、1%和2%四种浓度下大鼠血、兔血、豚鼠血等十种动物血制作的培养基培养鼠疫菌,共传十代,观察培养结果,再进行相应统计分析。结果 1%浓度下十种动物血对于鼠疫菌菌落数目的影响有差异(P=0.015<0.05),且猪血优于鸡血(P=0.026<0.05);四种浓度的猪血对于鼠疫菌菌落数目的影响差异具有统计学意义(P=0.037<0.05),1%浓度下优于空白(P=0.002<0.05)。四种浓度下十种动物血对于鼠疫菌长度的影响差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001);而十种动物血液四个浓度间对于鼠疫菌长度的影响差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 在观察菌落数量时,最优选择为1%猪血,除此之外尽可能选择低浓度、易获取的血液刺激剂。若想培养出更优长度的鼠疫菌,最优选择为0.1%兔血,既能达到理想的实验效果又能节约成本。此外,利用只添加血液刺激剂的赫氏敏感培养基培养鼠疫菌,菌株的性状不会发生L型转变,菌株的总体性状是稳定的,这对菌种稳定传代保存有重要意义。Objective To provide a theoretical basis for optimizing and improving the culture medium of Yersinia pestis,the effects of different species and different concentrations of animal blood on the growth of Yersinia pestis were investigated.Methods Ten kinds of animal blood including rat blood,rabbit blood and guinea pig blood at four concentrations of 0.1%,0.5%,1%and 2%were used as blood stimulators to culture Yersinia pestis in the medium.The culture results were observed and the corresponding statistical analysis was carried out.Results The effect of 10 kinds of animal blood on the number of Yersinia pestis colonies at 1%concentration was different(P=0.015<0.05),and pig blood was better than chicken blood(P=0.026<0.05).The effect of four concentrations of pig blood on the number of Yersinia pestis colonies was statistically significant(P=0.037<0.05),and it was better than the blank at 1%concentration(P=0.002<0.05).The effects of ten kinds of animal blood at four concentrations on the length of Yersinia pestis were statistically significant(P<0.001).The difference in the effect of four concentrations of blood on the length of Yersinia pestis in ten animals was also statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion When observing the number of colonies,the optimal choice is 1%pig blood.In addition,low concentration and easy-to-obtain blood stimulants can be selected as far as possible.To cultivate a better length of Yersinia pestis,the optimal choice is 0.1%rabbit blood,which can achieve the desired experimental results and save costs.In addition,using the Herxheimer’s sensitive medium with only blood stimulator to culture Yersinia pestis,the characteristics of the strain will not undergo L-type transformation,and the overall characteristics of the strain are stable,which is of great significance for the stable passage and preservation of the strain.

关 键 词：鼠疫菌 动物血液 血液刺激剂 生长 实验研究 

分 类 号：R117[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]