2014—2023年贵阳市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Monitoring and analyses of adverse events following immunization in Guiyang City,2014-2023

作　　者：程菲 高岚[1] 田莲鑫 李学[1] 王秋云[1] CHENG Fei;GAO Lan;TIAN Lian-xin;LI Xue;WANG Qiu-yun(Guiyang Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Guiyang,Guizhou 561000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵阳市疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳561000 [2]贵州医科大学

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第12期2282-2286,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2014—2023年贵阳市疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价贵阳市预防接种安全性,为提高AEFI监测及处置工作提供依据。方法通过“国家免疫规划信息系统”和“贵州省免疫规划信息管理系统”,收集2014—2023年贵阳市AEFI数据和疫苗接种数据,采用描述性流行病学方法对贵阳市AEFI流行病学特征和报告发生率进行统计分析。结果2014—2023年贵阳市共报告AEFI个案4498例,年均报告发生率为14.63/10万,2023年最高(1358例,42.43/10万),2015年最少(23例,1.85/10万),报告发生率不同年度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3638.04,P<0.001)。云岩区报告最多(1539例,25.86/10万),息烽县报告最少(86例,6.67/10万),不同地区差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=890.10,P<0.001)。11月报告最多(588例,24.7/10万),2月最少(136例,8.37/10万),不同月份差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=277.31,P<0.001)。男女比为1.10∶1.00,≤1岁年龄组报告最多(2697例,59.96%),96.47%转归为治愈和好转。结论2014—2023年贵阳市AEFI主要以一般反应为主,疫苗接种安全性良好,但各地工作开展有差异,仍需进一步提高监测敏感性。Objective To analyze the characteristics of suspected adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Guiyang City from 2014 to 2023,to evaluate the safety of immunization in Guiyang City,and to provide guidance for improving AEFI monitoring.Methods Collect AEFI data and vaccine immunization data in Guiyang City from 2014 to 2023 through the“National Immunization Planning Information System”and“Guizhou Province Immunization Planning Information Management System.”Use descriptive epidemiological methods to statistically analyze the epidemiological characteristics and reported incidence rates of AEFI in Guiyang City.Results From 2014 to 2023,Guiyang City reported a total of 4498 cases of AEFI,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 14.63 per 100000.The incidence rate was the highest in 2023(1358 cases,42.43/100000)and the lowest in 2015(23 cases,1.85/100000).The reported incidence rate had a statistically significant difference among different years(χ^(2)=3638.04,P<0.001).Yunyan District reported the most cases(1539 cases,25.86/100000),while Xifeng County reported the least cases(86 cases,6.67/100000),and the difference among different regions was statistically significant(χ^(2)=890.10,P<0.001).The most cases were reported in November(588 cases,24.7/100000)and the least in February(136 cases,8.37/100000),and there was a statistically significant difference among different months(χ^(2)=277.31,P<0.001).The male-to-female ratio was 1.10[DK]∶1.00,with the highest reports in the age group≤1 year(2697 cases,59.96%).The outcome was recovery or improvement in 96.47%of cases.Conclusion 2014-2023 AEFI in Guiyang is mainly a general response and the vaccination safety is good.However,the work carried out in different places varies and the monitoring sensitivity needs to be further enhanced.

关 键 词：监测 疑似预防接种异常反应 疫苗 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]