论英国刑法预防性犯罪的潜在风险及启示  

Potential Risks of Preventive Offences in English Criminal Law and Implications

作　　者：朱慕尧 ZHU Muyao(Law School,The London School of Economics and Political Science,London WC2A2AE,UK)

机构地区：[1]伦敦政治经济学院法学院,英国伦敦WC2A2AE

出　　处：《邵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期45-52,共8页Journal of Shaoyang University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：英国是预防性犯罪立法的典型代表,然而这种立法存在一定的潜在风险。理论层面,可能导致降低行为要件独立价值和否定行为人自由意志双重危机,还可能颠覆刑法无罪推定原则。实践层面,可能导致国家权力对私人领域的过度干预和引发对国家法律权威的怀疑。关于英国预防性犯罪潜在风险的分析,对我国刑事立法有着重要参考意义。立法对预防性犯罪应当严加限制,在罪名确定方面严格限于对国家和公共安全实施极端风险的行为;在罪行认定方面对以例外型预防性犯罪规制的罪行严重程度要明确较高的入罪门槛。The United Kingdom is a typical representative of preventive crime legislation,yet there are certain potential risks associated with such legislation.At the theoretical level,it may lead to a double crisis that reduces the independent value of the elements of conduct and negates the free will of the perpetrator,and may also subvert the principle of presumption of innocence in criminal law.On the practical level,it may lead to excessive interference of state power in the private sphere and raise doubts about the authority of state law.The analysis of the potential risks of preventive offences in the United Kingdom has important implications for the criminal law legislation of China.Legislation should impose severe restrictions on preventive offences,strictly limiting the definition of offences to acts that pose an extreme risk to national and public security,and specifying a higher threshold for the determination of the seriousness of offences exceptionally regulated as preventive offences.

关 键 词：预防性犯罪 英国刑法 刑法主观主义 

分 类 号：D914.1[政治法律—刑法学] D904.6[政治法律—法学]