中国农田土壤有机碳库及其影响因素研究述评  

A review of researches on cropland soil organic carbon pool and its influencing factors in China

作　　者：王浩成 杨滨娟[1] 梁效贵 胡启良 李娜 黄国勤[1] WANG Haocheng;YANG Binjuan;LIANG Xiaogui;HU Qiiang;LI Na;HUANG Guoqin(Research Center on Ecological Science,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学生态科学研究中心,南昌330045

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第2期260-270,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点研发课题(2016YFD0300208);江西省稻田冬季循环农业模式及关键技术研究(20161BBF60058);江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2020-S)。

摘　　要：在全球气候变暖的背景下,土壤在减缓气候变化中的巨大潜能逐渐被人们所重视。农田是受人为因素影响较大又可在较短时间内调节的生态系统,其土壤碳汇能力的充分发挥将有助于减缓全球气候变暖的趋势。文章通过梳理大量已发表文献,综述了中国农田土壤有机碳库自20世纪50年代以来的演变特征,指出中国农田土壤1950-1980年期间以丢碳为主,1980年以后经过农业管理措施的改变,有机碳含量逐渐提升。总结了中国农田固碳潜力相关研究,虽然不同估算方法的出的结果存在一定差异,但总体来看中国农田土壤有较大的固碳潜力。分析了农田土壤有机碳库的影响因素,虽然气候因素和土壤理化性质的差异能对农田土壤有机碳库造成影响,但农业管理措施才是农田土壤有机碳含量产生变化的关键。指出了中国农田土壤有机碳库研究方面存在的问题以及今后的发展方向,为气候变化背景下中国农田土壤碳减排提供了新的参考与借鉴。In the context of global warming,people gradually pay attention to the great potential of soil in mitigating climate change.Farmland is an ecosystem which is greatly affected by anthropogenic factors and can be adjusted in a short time.The full play of soil carbon sink capacity will help to slow down the trend of global warming.Based on a large number of published literature,this paper reviewed the evolution of soil organic carbon in Chinese cropland since 1950s,and pointed out that the soil organic carbon in Chinese cropland was dominated by carbon loss from 1950 to 1980.After 1980,through the change of agricultural management measures,the soil organic carbon content gradually increased.This paper summarizes the research on the carbon sequestration potential of cropland in China.Although there are some differences in the results of different estimation methods,cropland soil in China has a great potential of carbon sequestration.The influencing factors of cropland soil organic carbon pool were analyzed.Although climate factors and soil physical and chemical properties can affect cropland soil organic carbon pool,agricultural management measures are the key to the change of cropland soil organic carbon content.The existing problems and future development direction of soil organic carbon pool in China were pointed out,which provided a new reference for soil carbon emission reduction in China under the background of climate change.

关 键 词：有机碳 固碳潜力 农田土壤 农业管理措施 

分 类 号：S158.1[农业科学—土壤学]