粤港澳大湾区湿地生态系统服务及价值评估研究进展及展望  

Research progress and prospects of wetland ecosystem services and value assessment in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

作　　者：何江润 吴艳艳 吴志峰[1,3,4,5] HE jiangrun;WU yanyan;WU zhifeng(Schools of Geographical Sciences and Remote Sensing,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Culture Tourism and Geography,Guangdong University of Finance and Economics,Guangzhou 510320,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511485,China;MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area,Shenzhen 518060,China;Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Center for Geographical Conditions Monitoring and Comprehensive Analysis,Guangzhou 510320,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学地理科学与遥感学院,广州510006 [2]广东财经大学文化旅游与地理学院,广州510006 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广州510006 [4]自然资源部大湾区地理环境监测重点实验室,深圳518060 [5]广东省地理国情监测与综合分析工程技术研究中心,广州510006

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第2期271-280,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委-广东联合基金重点项目(U1901219);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(61806059);广东省科技创新战略专项资金项目(2018A030310069)。

摘　　要：粤港澳大湾区湿地生态系统近年受气候变化与人类活动因素的双重胁迫,湿地面积急剧萎缩,湿地生态系统结构、功能、服务、生态过程等愈加复杂,加剧了湿地生态系统服务评估及保护工作的难度。因此如何在类型丰富、结构复杂的大湾区湿地生态系统构建针对性的、适用性的生态系统服务评估体系,进而开展系统性的、针对性的生态服务及资产评估,也是现阶段大湾区自然资源监测及生态安全评估的重点及重大课题之一。以粤港澳大湾区湿地生态系统为分析对象,梳理湿地生态系统服务及其价值研究进展。研究发现该区域存在湿地遥感监测能力不足、湿地生态系统服务价值评估体系不适用等关键问题,受限于粤港澳大湾区的气候特征、复杂的地表环境及湿地类型,此区域湿地生态系统服务价值评估难度将会提升。针对粤港澳大湾区湿地生态服务价值评估目前面临的挑战,展望粤港澳大湾区湿地生态系统服务价值评估的三个重要方向:1.实现湿地参数精准提取,构建高时间分辨率湿地数据集;2.针对湿地资源特征,构建大湾区湿地生态系统服务价值评估体系;3.建立湿地资源价值评价系统,实现湿地从“资源评价”到“资产核算”的发展。Wetland ecosystem has been under the dual stress of climate change and human activities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in recent years,resulting in sharp decline of wetland area and more complexities in structure,function,service,and ecological process of the wetland ecosystem,which all intensified the assessment and protection of wetland ecosystem services.Based on the above problems,how to build a targeted and applicable ecosystem service evaluation system in the wetland ecosystem with diverse types and complex structures of the Greater Bay Area,and then to carry out systematic and targeted ecological services and asset evaluations on natural resource and ecological safety assessment become one of key and important subjects in the Greater Bay Area.Taking the wetland ecosystem in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as the analysis object,it clarifies the research progress of wetland ecosystem services and their value.There are still insufficient wetland remote sensing monitoring capabilities,and wetland ecosystem service value evaluation system is not applicable and other key issues.Limited by the climatic characteristics,complex surface environment and wetland types of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,the evaluation of wetland ecosystem service value in this area has become more difficult.In view of the current challenges in the assessment of the wetland ecosystem service value in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,three important research and application directions of wetland ecosystem service value assessment in the Greater Bay Area are prospected,achieving accurate extraction of wetland parameters and construct a high-time resolution wetland data set,constructing a service value evaluation system for the wetland ecosystem in the Greater Bay Area,and establishing a wetland resource value evaluation system to realize the development of wetland from"resource evaluation"to"asset accounting".

关 键 词：粤港澳大湾区 湿地生态系统 服务价值 评估方法 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]