老年人日常活动邻里目的地建成环境支持评价——以大连市为例  

EVALUATION ON SUPPORT OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT AT NEIGHBORHOOD DESTINATIONS FOR THE DAILY ACTIVITIES OF OLDER ADULTS:A CASE STUDY OF DALIAN

作　　者：魏越 杨东峰 WEI Yue;YANG Dongfeng

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学建筑与艺术学院城市规划系

出　　处：《城市规划》2024年第6期59-71,共13页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“住区建成与社会环境影响老年人心理健康的交互效应甄别及规划干预”(52078095)。

摘　　要：日常活动作为老年人生活的重要组成部分,与健康水平息息相关,并受到邻里目的地环境特征的直接干预。针对活动形成复杂性,从行为转变不同阶段的需求入手,对应选取空间邻近度、功能丰富度和出行便利度3个空间要素,运用熵权法和耦合协调度模型,量化与评价大连市邻里目的地建成环境对老年人日常活动的支持程度。研究表明:医院、社区活动中心和运动馆的服务区面积明显不足,难以为老年人提供便捷的活动服务;不同空间要素的支持度得分存在差异,其中空间邻近度的支持能力急需提升;邻里目的地支持活动阶段的协调度表现一般,其主要原因为区位条件、功能品质、公交布局等方面存在短板。聚焦邻里目的地及其与老年人日常活动的关系,有利于推动实现老年友好城市,本文尝试从支持老年人完成日常活动全阶段的视角客观评价邻里目的地建成环境,以期为规划适老性社区生活圈提供一定的理论依据。Daily activities,as an important part of the life of older adults,are closely related to their health status and directly affected by the built environment at neighborhood destinations.In view of the complexity of these activities,focusing on the needs at different stages of behavior change,this paper selects three spatial elements,i.e.,spatial proximity,functional diversity,and travel convenience,to quantify and evaluate how the built environment at neighborhood destinations supports the daily activities of older adults in Dalian by use of the entropy weight method and the coupling coordination degree model.The findings reveal that:the service coverage of hospitals,community activity centers,and sports venues is insufficient to meet the activity demands of older adults;different spatial elements have different supporting capacities,with that of spatial proximity being the lowest;the coordination at the stage of neighborhood destinations’support for activities is mediocre,largely attributable to factors such as location and functional quality of these destinations,and layout of surrounding public transportation facilities.Focusing on neighborhood destinations and their impacts on the daily activities of older adults can facilitate the construction of age-friendly cities.This paper endeavors to objectively evaluate the built environment at neighborhood destinations by examining their support for older adults in completing their daily activities,with a view to providing a theoretical basis for the planning of ageadaptive community life cycles.

关 键 词：邻里目的地 建成环境 支持评价 老年人 日常活动 

分 类 号：TU984.113[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]