南亚热带人工林树种配置对根际土壤生物有效磷的影响  

Effects of tree species assembly on bioavailable P components in rhizosphere soil of southern subtropical plantation

作　　者：李金凤 王晖[2] 尤业明[1] 王健 童秀丽 胡佳佳 明安刚[3] 陈琳[3] 刘世荣[2] LI Jinfeng;WANG Hui;YOU Yeming;WANG Jian;TONG Xiuli;HU Jiaja;MING Angang;CHEN Lin;LIU Shirong(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry/Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Pingxiang 532600,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,南宁530004 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [3]中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心/广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,广西凭祥532600

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第6期1492-1500,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31930078);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2200402);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(CAFYBB2021ZW001)资助。

摘　　要：通过树种选择与配置优化提高土壤磷有效性进而促进树木生长是值得关注的问题。本研究在南亚热带人工林树种多样性平台开展研究,采用随机区组的试验设计方法,选取马尾松、米老排、格木、红椎、火力楠、灰木莲、土沉香、降香黄檀8个乡土树种,建立了1、2、4和6个树种丰富度梯度的混交造林试验,测定了根际土壤生物有效磷组分(氯化钙磷、柠檬酸磷、酶磷和盐酸磷),探究不同树种配置对根际土壤生物有效磷组分的影响。结果表明:对比非固氮树种,固氮树种(格木和降香黄檀)的混交有效增加了土壤含水率、全氮含量、全磷含量和微生物生物量磷,树种合理配置有利于土壤生物有效磷的生成积累。固氮树种混交条件下,土壤氯化钙磷含量显著增加了46.2%~160.3%,微生物矿化产生的酶磷提高了69.3%~688.2%,盐酸磷增加了31.5%~81.3%;土壤微生物生物量磷提高了81.8%~149.4%,土壤微生物量氮增加了88.1%~160.6%。冗余和相关分析显示,土壤微生物生物量磷、速效磷、全磷、蛋白酶、纤维二糖水解酶、酸性磷酸酶、微生物生物量氮和有机碳是驱动根际土壤生物磷组分差异的关键因子;固氮树种混交提高了酶磷和柠檬酸磷含量,这两种生物有效磷组分含量与林分树木胸高断面积呈显著正相关。固氮树种(格木)混交有效提升了根际土壤生物有效磷含量,有利于促进林分树木生长。Improving the availability of soil phosphorus(P)and promoting tree growth through tree species selection and assembly are the critical issue.We conducted an afforestation experiment following randomized block experimental design with 1,2,4,and 6 tree species richness in south subtropics,including Pinus massoniana,Mytilaria laosensis,Erythrophleum fordii,Castanopsis hystrix,Michelia macclurei,Manglietia glauca,Aquilaria sinensis,and Dalbergia odorifera.We measured the bioavailable P components(CaCl_(2)-P,citrate-P,enzyme-P and HCl-P)and examined the effects of different tree species assembly on bioavailable P components and tree growth.The results showed that,compared with non-nitrogen-fixing tree species,the mixing of nitrogen-fixing tree species(E.fordii and D.odorifera)effectively increased the contents of soil water,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and microbial biomass P(MBP).The assembly of specific tree species improved the accumulation of bioavailable P.Mixing of nitrogen-fixing tree species significantly increased CaCl_(2)-P content by 46.2% to 160.3%,the enzyme-P content produced by microbial mineralization by 69.3% to 688.2%,and HCl-P by 31.5% to 81.3%,increased MBP by 81.8% to 149.4%,and microbial biomass N(MBN)by 88.1% to 160.6%,respectively.Redundancy and correlation analysis results showed that MBP,available P,total phosphorus,L-leucine aminopeptidase,cellobiose,acid phosphatase,MBN and soil organic carbon were key factors driving the variation of rhizosphere soil bioavailable P.Mixing of nitrogen-fixing tree species increased enzyme-P and citrate-P,and the availability of which were positively correlated to tree basal area.In this study,mixing of nitrogen-fixing tree species increased the rhizosphere soil bioavailable P content,which facilitates tree growth.

关 键 词：南亚热带 人工林 生物有效磷 树种配置 林分生长 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]