颈椎前凸比率可作为多节段脊髓型颈椎病后路术式选择的决策指标  

Cervical lordosis ratio can be used as a decision-making indicator for selection of posterior surgical approach for multi-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy

作　　者：苗嘉航 马胜 李渠蓬 余会林 胡天宇 高啸 冯虎 Miao Jiahang;Ma Sheng;Li Qupeng;Yu Huilin;Hu Tianyu;Gao Xiao;Feng Hu(Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou 221000,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州医科大学附属医院,江苏省徐州市221000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第9期1796-1802,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:目前仅有研究表明颈椎前凸比率可作为预测椎板成形术后前凸曲度丢失的重要因素,而颈椎前凸比率这一动力位指标是否可作为颈后路术式选择的决策因素之一尚无定论。目的:探讨颈椎过伸过屈位指标颈椎前凸比率这一动力位指标是否可以作为椎板成形和椎板切除融合这两种术式的选择性指标。方法:回顾性分析2015年12月至2020年3月因多节段脊髓型颈椎病接受颈后路手术,且随访时间超过1年的141例患者,其中63例接受椎板切除融合治疗(椎板切除融合组),78例患者接受椎板成形治疗(椎板成形组),对比两组患者的人口统计学资料(性别、年龄、体质量指数、随访时间)、影像学指标(C_(2-7) Cobb角、C_(2-7)运动范围、屈曲位Cobb角、伸展位Cobb角、屈曲活动范围和伸展活动范围)及临床疗效(日本骨科协会评分、目测类比评分)。颈椎曲度变化的评估指标为术前、术后C_(2-7) Cobb角差值(ΔCL)。颈椎前凸比率=屈曲位活动范围/C_(2-7)活动范围×100%。采用受试者工作特征曲线分析颈椎前凸比率预测术后颈椎前凸曲度丢失过多(ΔCL≤-10°)的有效性。依据颈椎前凸比率的临界值(68.5%)将所有患者分为低比率组和高比率组,在不同比率组中再次对比两种术式之间的颈椎曲度指标和临床效果指标。结果与结论:①椎板切除融合和椎板成形术后颈椎前凸曲度均降低(P=0.039,P=0.002),椎板成形组的颈椎前凸曲度损失(ΔCL)大于椎板切除融合组,差异有显著性意义;②基于受试者工作特征曲线分析,颈椎前凸比率对预测颈椎前凸曲度丢失过多(ΔCL≤-10°)具有良好的鉴别能力(曲线下面积=0.792);③在低比率组中,椎板切除融合组和椎板成形组的颈椎前凸曲度变化ΔCL差异无显著性意义(P=0.141);④在高比率组中,椎板成形组的ΔCL大于椎板切除融合组(P=0.001),且椎板成形组发生术后前凸曲度丢失过多(ΔBACKGROUND:At present,research has only shown that the cervical lordosis ratio can be an important factor in predicting the loss of lordosis curvature after laminoplasty,and no one has studied whether the cervical lordosis ratio,a dynamic level indicator,can be one of the decision-making factors for the selection of posterior cervical surgical procedures.OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether the cervical lordosis ratio,an index of cervical hyperextension and hyperflexion,can be used as a selective index for laminoplasty and laminectomy fusion.METHODS:A retrospective review of 141 patients who had undergone posterior cervical surgery more than one year of follow-up due to multi-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy from December 2015 to March 2020 was performed.Among them,63 patients received laminectomy and fusion(laminectomy and fusion group)and 78 patients received laminoplasty(laminoplasty group).The demographic statistics(gender,age,body mass index,follow-up time),imaging indexes such as C_(2-7) Cobb angle,C_(2-7) range of motion,flexion Cobb angle,extension Cobb angle,flexion range of motion and extension range of motion,clinical effect indexes such as Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and visual analog scale score were compared between the two groups.The evaluation index of cervical lordosis alignment change was C_(2-7) Cobb angle difference before and after operation(ΔCL).Cervical lordosis ratio was equal to 100%×flexion range of motion/C_(2-7) range of motion.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the role of cervical lordosis ratio in predicting postoperative severe cervical lordosis loss(ΔCL≤-10°).According to the critical value of cervical lordosis ratio(68.5%),all patients were divided into low cervical lordosis ratio group and high cervical lordosis ratio group.In these two ratio groups,the cervical lordosis alignment index and clinical effect index between the two operation groups were discussed again.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Cervical lordosis alignment decreas

关 键 词：多节段脊髓型颈椎病 椎板成形 椎板切除融合 颈椎前凸比率 动力位影像学指标 术后颈椎前凸曲度 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R678