温州朔门古港宋代文化层沉积间断及其成因探讨  

Discussion on the stratigraphic genesis of the Song Dynasty ancient flooding event at Shuomen Ancient Port of Wenzhou

作　　者：季诗雨 韦鑫 郑亚玲 梁岩华 王张华[2] 徐皓[1] JI Shiyu;WEI Xin;ZHENG Yaling;LIANG Yanhua;WANG Zhanghua;XU Hao(Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques,Ningbo University,Zhejiang Ningbo 315211;State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241;Wenzhou Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325000)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学地理与空间信息技术系,浙江宁波315211 [2]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200241 [3]温州市文物考古研究所,浙江宁波325000

出　　处：《上海国土资源》2024年第2期139-145,共7页Shanghai Land & Resources

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划(批准号:2022C03141)。

摘　　要：温州朔门古港遗址于2022年被评为年度全国十大考古发现,为研究1700年以来瓯江下游地区的历史环境变迁和人地关系提供了新的素材。本研究对遗址区内从标高2.5m到-4.5m的3个剖面及1个钻孔进行了分析,依据沉积物粒度和考古文化层的分布,整个遗址区地层自下至上可以分为4层,其中在第二层砂泥互层现象明显,与上下沉积环境差异显著,为较明显的洪水事件层。综合沉积物的AMS14C测年结果、文化层遗存发现和历史文献记载,发现本次洪水事件层与两宋期间温州朔门古港遭受的一期极端洪水灾害事件密切相关。本研究通过结合地层学分析、文物鉴定和历史文献验证的方式,重建了温州古港在两宋交际之时发生的环境变化及古人类响应过程,即:正常贸易活动-极端灾害侵扰-环境逐渐稳定-恢复贸易进程的四个阶段演化。In 2022,the Shuomen Ancient Port site in Wenzhou was recognized as one of the top ten archaeological discoveries in China.This discovery provides new evidence for studying the historical environmental changes and man-land relationship in the lower reaches of the Oujiang River since 1700.In this study,three profiles and one core were collected for analysis,ranging from an elevation of 2.5m to-4.5m.According to the grain size of these sediments and the distribution of archaeological cultural layers,the whole site can be divided into four layers from bottom to top,with the second layer of interbedded sand and mud being particularly distinct and significantly different from the upper and lower sedimentary environments,indicating a distinct flood event layer.By combining the AMS14C calibrated ages of the sediments,the discovery of cultural layer remains and historical records,it is discovered that this flood event layer is closely related to an extreme flood disaster event that the Shuomen Ancient Port in Wenzhou suffered during the Song Dynasty.This study reconstructs the environmental changes and the process of ancient human response in the ancient port of Wenzhou during the transition from the Northern to the Southern Song Dynasty through the integration of stratigraphic analysis,cultural relic identification,and historical literature verification.The evolution may include four stages:ordinary trade activities,extreme disaster infestation,gradual environmental stabilization,and resumption of trade processes.

关 键 词：粒度分析 AMS14C定年 事件沉积 古水灾 

分 类 号：P531[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]