热经历对严寒地区集中供暖环境中人体热适应性的影响  

Effects of thermal history on human thermal adaptation to central heating environments in severe cold zone

作　　者：杨宇鑫 王昭俊[1,2] 周范卓 刘畅 Yang Yuxin;Wang Zhaojun;Zhou Fanzhuo;Liu Chang(Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin;Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学,哈尔滨150090 [2]寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室,哈尔滨

出　　处：《暖通空调》2024年第7期112-116,24,共6页Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning

摘　　要：在哈尔滨市冬季供暖期间对某高校建筑室内热湿环境及受试者的热湿反应进行了现场调研,共收集了495份有效问卷。根据受试者在北方严寒地区集中供暖环境中的生活年限进行分组,分析了不同热经历人群的热湿反应差异性及适应性。结果表明:随着在集中供暖环境中生活年限的增加,热感觉低于“中性”和湿感觉为“适中”的人员比例明显增加;1年北方热经历人群的平均热感觉投票为0.6,且随着居住年限的增加而降低;长期生活在舒适且偏暖的集中供暖环境中,提高了其热期望及对环境的要求;无任何北方热经历的人群最多需要1年就可以适应集中供暖热环境,而需要3年才能适应湿环境;在北方居住1年以内人群的热中性温度为18.6℃,而1年以上人群为18.9℃;经对服装热阻修正后,两者热中性温度差距为0.5℃。A field investigation is carried out on the indoor thermal and humidity environment of a university building and the subjects thermal and humidity responses during winter heating in Harbin,and a total of 495 valid questionnaires are collected.The subjects are divided into groups according to their duration of living in the central heating environment in the northern severe cold zone,and the differences in thermal and humidity responses and the adaptability of people with different thermal histories are analysed.The results indicate that with an increase in the duration of living,the proportion of individuals reporting the thermal sensation lower than“neutral”and the“neutral”humidity sensation increases obviously.The mean thermal sensation vote for individuals with one year of thermal histories in the north is 0.6,and it decreases with the residential duration increasing.The individuals living in a comfortable and warm central heating environment for a long period raise their thermal expectations and requirements for environments.The participants without any thermal histories in the north take a maximum of one year to adapt to the central heating environment,but they require three years to adapt to the humidity environment.The thermal neutral temperature for the individuals living in the north for less than one year is 18.6℃,while it is 18.9℃for the people living there for more than one year.After correcting the clothing insulation,the difference in thermal neutral temperature between them is 0.5℃.

关 键 词：热经历 热适应 热湿反应 集中供暖 高校建筑 严寒地区 

分 类 号：TU832[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] TU111