内燃机油中基础油和黏度指数改进剂的选用探究  

Investigation on the Selection of Base Oil and Viscosity Index Improver in Internal Combustion Engine Oil

作　　者：贺赛环 李勇[1] He Saihuan;Li Yong(Huazhong Branch of Sinopec Lubricant Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化润滑油有限公司华中分公司,武汉430000

出　　处：《合成润滑材料》2024年第2期54-58,共5页Synthetic Lubricants

摘　　要：内燃机油通常由基础油、功能复合剂、黏度指数改进剂以及降凝剂等调合组成。黏度指数改进剂是常用的改善润滑油黏温特性的功能添加剂。主要探讨了乙烯丙烯共聚物(OCP)、氢化苯乙烯-双烯共聚物(HSD)以及聚甲基丙烯酸酯型(PMA)这3种黏度指数改进剂在4种基础油中的功能特性差异,以及考察这3种黏度指数改进剂调合同一黏度级别的内燃机油,产品的黏温性能、低温性能及抗剪切能力之间的差异。充分了解了不同黏度指数改进剂在不同基础油中的性能表现,并选择合适的基础油、黏度指数改进剂进行配伍生产,对控制配方成本和指导实际生产具有重要意义。Internal combustion engine oils typically consist of base oils,functional compounds,viscosity index improvers,and pour point depressants.Viscosity index improvers are commonly used functional additives that improve the viscosity-temperature characteristics of lubricants.The performance differences of three viscosity index improvers,namely olefin copolymers(OCP),hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer(HSD),and polymethacrylate(PMA),in four types of base oils were discussed.Furthermore,the differences in viscositytemperature performance,low-temperature performance,and shear stability of a specific viscosity grade of internal combustion engine oils which have separately blended with these three viscosity index improvers were examined.A thorough understanding of the performance of different viscosity index improvers in different base oils,and the appropriate selection of base oils and viscosity index improvers,is of significant importance for controlling formulation costs and providing guidance for actual production.

关 键 词：基础油 内燃机油 黏度指数改进剂 黏温性能 

分 类 号：TE624.82[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]