定向运动教学对大学生心理认知和适应性影响的研究综述  

Review of Research on the Effect of Orienteering Teaching on the Psychological Cognition and Adaptability of College Students

作　　者：刘梦飞 许悦 葛尧 张琳 LIU Mengfei;XU Yue;GE Yao;ZHANG Lin(School of Physical Education,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province,221116 China)

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学体育学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2024年第16期190-193,198,共5页Contemporary Sports Technology

基　　金：江苏省2022年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210320078Y);江苏省教育科学规划课题(NO.T/2023/04);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(NO.2021SJA1063);江苏师范大学2020年博士学位教师科研支持项目(NO.20XSRX005.)。

摘　　要：定向运动具有创新性和挑战性,高校开展定向运动课程能对大学生心理健康产生积极影响。该文采用文献资料法,探析高校定向运动课程教学对大学生心理健康症状各因子、认知能力和社会适应性的影响,为改善和发展大学生心理健康水平提供参考。结果发现:(1)现有教学干预研究显示,不同时长的定向运动课程教学对大学生心理健康各因子有不同程度的影响,可缓解大学生的躯体化、强迫症状,改善人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执等水平;(2)中等强度定向运动对大学生心理健康的多个因素改善效果最佳,优于小强度和大强度定向运动;(3)定向运动教学可提高大学生的注意、感知、记忆和操作思维等能力,同时对大学生的人际关系适应、校园适应、择业适应、情绪适应和满意度等多维度的社会适应性水平也有显著提高作用。结论:持续时长、运动强度是影响定向运动教学对大学生心理干预效果的因素,开展一学期的定向运动课程具有可行性,并能有效改善大学生心理状况。Orienteering is innovative and challenging,and offering orienteering courses has positive impacts on college students'mental health in colleges and universities.By the literature method,the paper analyzes the influence of the teaching of orienteering courses on the psychological health symptom factors,cognitive ability and social adaptability of college students in colleges and universities,so as to provide reference for improving and developing college students'mental health level.Results are as follows.(1)Research on existing teaching interventions shows that the teaching of orienteering courses with different time spans has different degrees of impact on college students'mental health factors,which can alleviate their somatization and obsessive-compulsive symptoms,and improve the level of the sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility and paranoid ideation of their interpersonal relationship.(2)Orienteering with moderate intensity has the best effect on improving many factors of college students'mental health,which is better than that of low-intensity and high-intensity orienteering.(3)Orienteering teaching can improve college students'abilities such as attention,perception,memory and operational thinking,and also significantly improve their multi-dimensional social adaptability such as interpersonal relationship adaptation,campus adaptation,career choice adaptation,emotional adaptation and satisfaction.Conclusion:Duration and exercise intensity are the factors that affect the effect of orienteering teaching on college students'psychological intervention,and it is feasible to carry out a one-semester orienteering courses,which can effectively improve the psychological status of college students.

关 键 词：定向运动 大学生 心理健康 心理认知能力 社会适应性 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]