硬脂酸钙/PVC复合材料的结构与性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of PE Wax/PVC Composites

作　　者：崔德刚 高莉 马晓艺 Cui Degang;Gao Li;Ma Xiaoyi(Shanghai Kaibo Cable Special Material Co.,Shanghai 201802,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Juzhilong Cable Technology Co.,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]上海凯波电缆特材股份有限公司,上海201802 [2]青海大学机械工程学院,西宁810016 [3]青海聚智龙线缆科技有限公司,西宁810016

出　　处：《青海科技》2024年第2期34-38,共5页Qinghai Science and Technology

基　　金：青海省重点研发与转化计划项目“一种耐寒、抗紫外线的高原型电缆的开发与应用”(2021-GX-118)。

摘　　要：PVC是一种耐腐蚀、耐磨、难燃、力学性能较佳的聚合物材料,其综合性能优良,价格低廉,广泛应用于电缆行业。但是PVC电缆外护套在高寒、高海拔地区使用时易开裂,易造成安全隐患。因此开展PVC的增韧、增强改性研究非常必要。硬脂酸钙(CaSt_(2))作为一种优良的润滑剂,能有效改善此缺陷。文章研究了不同用量的CaSt_(2)对PVC力学性能、低温韧性、热稳定性能等的影响。结果表明:适量CaSt_(2)的引入有利于提高PVC复合材料的综合力学性能和低温韧性。当CaSt_(2)的含量为0.3 phr时CaSt_(2)/PVC的断裂伸长率比未添加CaSt_(2)的PVC复合材料提高10.5%,拉伸强度提高7.8%,脆化温度可达-60℃,热稳定性提高。此项研究将硬脂酸钙改性技术应用于PVC增韧改性中,为PVC在高寒地区的高值化应用提供参考。PVC is a kind of polymer materials with corrosion resistance,wear resistance,flame retardant,and excellent mechanical properties,and it has excellent comprehensive performance and low price,widely used in the cable industry.However,the outer sheath of PVC cable is easy to crack when used in high-cold and high-altitude areas,which is easy to cause safety hazards.Therefore,it is very important to study the modification of PVC,such as toughening and strengthening.Calcium stearate(CaSt_(2)),as an excellent lubricant,can effectively improve this defect.The effects of different amounts of CaSt_(2) on the mechanical properties,low temperature toughness and thermal stability of PVC were studied.The results show that the introduction of CaSt_(2) can improve the mechanical properties and low temperature toughness of PVC composites.When the content of CaSt_(2) is 0.3 phr,the elongation at break of CaSt_(2)/PVC is 10.5% higher than that of PVC composite without CaSt_(2),the tensile strength is 7.8% higher,the embrittlement temperature can reach-60℃,and the thermal stability is improved.This study provides reference value for the high value application of PVC in the high cold area.The calcium stearate modification technology has been applied to the toughening modification of PVC,and certain results have been achieved.

关 键 词：低温韧性 硬脂酸钙 聚氯乙烯 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]