新质生产力发展水平、区域差异与提升路径  

Levels of development of new quality productivity,regional differences and paths to enhancement

作　　者：卢江[1,2] 郭子昂[2] 王煜萍 LU Jiang;GUO Ziang;WANG Yuping(New Era Technology Innovation Thought Research Center,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,P.R.China;School of Marxism,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,P.R.China;Institute of Economics and Resource Management,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学新时代科技创新思想研究中心,安徽合肥230026 [2]浙江大学马克思主义学院,浙江杭州310058 [3]北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《重庆大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期1-17,共17页Journal of Chongqing University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新质生产力形成的理论基础、政策体系和实现路径的政治经济学研究”(23&ZD070)。

摘　　要：2023年9月,习近平总书记在黑龙江省考察调研期间强调了“新质生产力”这一重要概念,新质生产力是创新起主导作用,摆脱传统经济增长方式、生产力发展路径,具有高科技、高效能、高质量特征,符合新发展理念的先进生产力质态。新质生产力的提出具有全新的理论内涵和丰富的现实价值,结合习近平总书记的相关重要论述和当前中国经济发展事实,文章认为新质生产力是一个至少涵盖科技、绿色和数字三大方面的集成体,并基于科技生产力、绿色生产力和数字生产力3个一级指标构建了新质生产力的综合评价体系。文章采用改进的熵权-TOPSIS方法测度了2012—2021年我国30个省级区域的新质生产力水平,测度结果表明,我国新质生产力水平由2012年的0.302 6上升到2021年的0.874 7,年均增速为21%,对应的,科技生产力、绿色生产力和数字生产力的水平也稳步上升。研究发现,针对不同区域,东部地区新质生产力水平不仅增速最快,总量也高于中西部地区,中部地区新质生产力水平高于西部地区,但增速低于西部地区;针对具体省份,新质生产力形成了广东省和江苏省“双雁领航”断层式发展格局,不同省份之间的差距极大,反映了中国新质生产力水平的区域异质性。进一步研究,Kernel密度估计和Markov链分析结果表明,一方面我国省际新质生产力水平的差距有逐渐拉大趋势,但这一趋势主要存在于个别新质生产力发达和落后的省份之间,大部分中间省份差异不明显,且新质生产力发展存在俱乐部趋同现象,新质生产力发达省份之间的趋同现象更为明显;另一方面,新质生产力发展具有明显的空间外溢效应,在与邻近省份的新质生产力水平存在差异的情况下,本省的新质生产力将会受到邻近省份的影响。新质生产力水平的基尼系数计算及其分解结果表明,区域间差异是全国新质生产�In September 2023,General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized the important concept of“new-quality productivity”during his investigation in Heilongjiang Province.New-quality productivity is the advanced productive forces that play a leading role in innovation,get rid of the traditional mode of economic growth and productivity development path,and have the characteristics of high technology,high efficiency,and high quality,which are in line with the new development concept.The proposal of new quality productivity has a brand new theoretical connotation and rich practical value.Combining the relevant important exposition of the General Secretary Xi Jinping and the current facts of China’s economic development,the article argues that the new quality productivity is an integrator covering at least the three major aspects of science and technology,green and digital,and constructs a comprehensive evaluation system of new quality productivity from the three first-level indicators of scientific and technological productivity,green productivity and digital productivity.Further,the article adopts the improved entropy weight-TOPSIS method to measure the level of new quality productivity of 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2012 to 2021,and the measurement results show that the level of China’s new quality productivity rises from 0.3026 in 2012 to 0.8747 in 2021,with an average annual growth rate of 21%,and correspondingly the levels of science and technology productivity,green productivity and digital productivity also rise steadily.The study finds that,for different regions,the level of new quality productivity in the eastern region not only grows the fastest,but also has a higher total amount than that in the central and western regions,while the level of new quality productivity in the central region is higher than that in the western region,but the growth rate is lower than that in the western region.For specific provinces,the development pattern of new productivity is“double-geese-leading”in Guangdong P

关 键 词：新质生产力 综合评价 区域差异 高质量发展 中国式现代化 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]