正硅酸四乙酯制备二氧化硅气凝胶及其性质研究  

Study on Preparation of Silica Aerogel From Tetraethyl Orthosilicate and Its Properties

作　　者：丁婉怡 张宏宇 胡晶晶 胡益婧 高燕 DING Wanyi;ZHANG Hongyu;HU Jingjing;HU Yijing;GAO Yan(School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Bengbu University,Bengbu Anhui 233030,China)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠学院材料与化学工程学院,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《辽宁化工》2024年第6期895-898,共4页Liaoning Chemical Industry

基　　金：蚌埠学院大学生创新训练项目(项目编号:S202111305003);安徽高校自然科学研究项目(项目编号:KJ2021A1125)。

摘　　要：多孔网状纳米材料二氧化硅气凝胶具有密度低、比表面积大等特点,在隔热保温材料、吸附剂、催化剂载体等方面有着广泛的应用。本研究以正硅酸四乙酯为硅源通过控制水量来制备四种前驱体,不同的前驱体在相同的制备条件下一步合成二氧化硅气凝胶。该方法具有工艺时间短、溶剂使用量少、能耗低等特点。采用红外光谱、热重分析、X射线衍射和接触角测量对制备的二氧化硅气凝胶进行性质表征。结果表明不同水量制备的疏水性无定型二氧化硅气凝胶热稳定性存在差异性,适宜的水量有助于气凝胶热稳定性的提高。Porous mesh nanomaterial silica aerogel has the characteristics of low density and large specific surface area.Silica aerogel is widely used in thermal insulation materials,adsorbents,catalyst carriers and so on.In this paper,four precursors were prepared using tetraethyl orthosilicate as silicon source by controlling water quantity.Silica aerogel was synthesized in one step by different precursors under the same preparation conditions.The method has the characteristics of short process time,less solvent usage and low energy consumption.The properties of aerogel products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,X-ray diffraction and contact angle measurement.The results showed that the thermal stability of hydrophobic amorphous silica aerogel prepared with different amounts of water was different,and the appropriate amount of water could improve the thermal stability of the aerogel.

关 键 词：二氧化硅气凝胶 正硅酸四乙酯 水量 一步合成 

分 类 号：TQ123.4[化学工程—无机化工] O6[理学—化学]