南繁育种中种质资源基因漂移的知识产权问题与法律法规保护对策  

Intellectual Property Issues and Legal Protection Strategies for Genetic Drift in Germplasm Resources in Nanfan Breeding

作　　者：李玉洁 Li Yujie(Nanjing Police University,Nanjing,210042)

机构地区：[1]南京警察学院,南京210042

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第13期4500-4504,共5页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(20&ZD189)资助。

摘　　要：在当今全球农业发展的背景下,南繁育种作为一种有效的育种手段,因其能够利用南方地区的气候优势,加速作物品种改良和繁育周期,而受到广泛关注。然而,随之而来的种质资源基因漂移问题,尤其是在转基因作物领域,已成为知识产权保护的一大挑战。本研究通过Monsanto公司与加拿大农民Percy Schmeiser之间的法律纠纷,探讨南繁育种中种质资源基因漂移的知识产权问题及其法律法规保护对策,以期为相关领域的政策制定和实践提供参考,同时提出了一系列法律法规保护对策,包括完善现有的知识产权保护机制,强化国际合作以及提高公众对种质资源保护重要性的认识。本研究还强调了未来研究方向的重要性,包括基因漂移的进一步研究、知识产权法律框架的更新与完善以及在全球范围内制定和实施更加公平合理的知识产权保护标准。为南繁育种中的知识产权问题提供了全面的分析,对现存挑战提出了切实可行的解决方案。In the context of today's global agricultural development,Nanfan breeding has garnered widespread attention as an effective breeding method.It takes advantage of the climatic benefits of southern regions to expedite the improvement and breeding cycles of crop varieties.However,the ensuing issue of genetic drift in germplasm resources,especially within the realm of genetically modified crops,has emerged as a significant challenge to the protection of intellectual property rights.This article explores the intellectual property issues associated with genetic drift in germplasm resources within Nanfan breeding through the legal dispute between Monsanto Company and Canadian farmer Percy Schmeiser.It aims to provide references for policy formulation and practice in related fields.Additionally,a series of legal and regulatory protection strategies are proposed,including improving existing intellectual property protection mechanisms,strengthening international cooperation,and enhancing public awareness of the importance of protecting germplasm resources.The article also emphasizes the importance of future research directions,including further studies on genetic drift,updates and improvements to the legal framework of intellectual property rights,and the formulation and implementation of more fair and reasonable intellectual property protection standards worldwide.A comprehensive analysis of the intellectual property issues in Nanfan breeding is provided,along with practical solutions to existing challenges.

关 键 词：南繁育种 种质资源 基因漂移 知识产权 法律法规保护 

分 类 号：D996.1[政治法律—经济法学] D997.1[政治法律—国际法学] S326[政治法律—法学]