冀北山地典型林分地表可燃物抗火性研究  

Fire resistance of surface combustibles in typical forest stands in mountain area of northern Hebei Province

作　　者：冯淑瑶 马云辉 郭延朋 武英东 赵占永 马长明[1] FENG Shuyao;MA Yunhui;GUO Yanpeng;WU Yingdong;ZHAO Zhanyong;MA Changming(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Mulanweichang National Forestry Administration of Heibei Province,Weichang 067000,China;Saihanba Mechanized Forestry Farm of Hebei Province,Weichang 068466,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省木兰围场国有林场,河北围场067000 [3]河北省塞罕坝机械林场,河北围场068466

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2024年第3期280-287,共8页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：河北省林业和草原科学技术研究项目(2111053)。

摘　　要：以冀北山地塞罕坝林区典型林分白桦林(Betula platyphylla)、樟子松林(Pinus sylvestris)、华北落叶松林(Larix principis-rupprechtii)的地表可燃物为研究对象,分析可燃物载量、燃点、热值、平衡含水率和时滞等特征,并用熵权法对3个典型林分的抗火性进行评价。结果表明:(1)3种典型林分可燃物的载量基本呈现华北落叶松林(47.52 t/hm 2)>樟子松林(42.75 t/hm 2)>白桦林(24.28 t/hm 2)的变化规律,不同可燃物类别呈现腐殖质>枯落物1(d<0.6 cm的小枝、叶和杂草)>枯落物2(0.6 cm≤d<2.5 cm的小枝)>枯落物3(2.5 cm≤d<7.62 cm的枝条)的变化规律。(2)3种典型林分中,白桦林分地表可燃物燃点最低,热值最高,时滞最长,表现为更易燃烧,释放热量最大,潜在林火蔓延时间较长。(3)熵权法综合评定3种典型林分的地表可燃物综合抗火性表现为:樟子松林>华北落叶松>白桦林。Surface combustibles of the major forest stand types of Betula platyphylla,Pinus sylvestris,and Larix principis-rupprechtii in the mountainous Saihanba forest area in northern Hebei Province were used as the research objects,characteristics such as combustible load,ignition point,calorific value,equilibrium moisture content and time lag were investigated,the entropy weight method was used to evaluate the fire resistance of three typical forest stands.The results showed that:(1)The combustible loads of the three typical forest stands basically showed a pattern of change L.principis-rupprechtii(47.52 t/hm 2)>P.sylvestris(42.75 t/hm 2)>B.platyphylla(24.28 t/hm 2).Different combustible categories present humus>litter 1(twigs,leaves and weeds with d<0.6 cm)>litter 2(twigs with 0.6 cm≤d<2.5 cm)>litter 3(branches with 2.5 cm≤d<7.62 cm).(2)Among the three typical stands,B.platyphylla had the lowest ignition point,the highest calorific value and the longest time lag,which was easier to burn,and the potential forest fire spread time was longer.(3)The comprehensive fire resistance of surface fuels of three typical stands was evaluated by entropy weight method as follows:P.sylvestris>L.principis-rupprechtii>B.platylla.

关 键 词：死可燃物 可燃物理化性质 抗火性 熵权法 

分 类 号：S726.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]