宋人追复“三代”之原因蠡测  

On the Reason of the Song People's Pursuing After the"Three Dynasties"

作　　者：谭积仁 TAN Ji-ren(School of Cultural Popularization,China University of Labor Relations,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国劳动关系学院文化传播学院,北京100048

出　　处：《黔南民族师范学院学报》2024年第2期41-46,共6页Journal of Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities

摘　　要：宋朝建国之后,朝野都认识到历史乱多治少,加之北宋承五代废墟而来,如何避免成为第六代?这让他们心里产生了巨大的焦虑,并开始从历史中借鉴经验。“三代”号称“极治之世”,寿命最久,而历代称治的汉、唐,寿命却明显更短。“汉唐”可以成为第一步追求的典范,但如果要想国祚更久,则“三代”无疑是更理想的仿效对象。提倡“三代”,也有助于应对佛教挑战。而当时思想资源有限,宋代朝野并不能提出超越儒家“三代之治”的其他理想世界。因此,在与“汉唐故事”“祖宗家法”的对比中,“三代之治”得到了极大的推崇,这也促成了儒学的复兴。By the time of the establishment of Song Dynasty,the court and the commonalty realized that in history there were much more times of turbulence than the times of prosperity,which came in cyclic alternating pattern and brought great anxiety to their mind.Therefore,they began to search for experiences from history as their references.Compared with the prosperous Han and Tang Dynasty,which were several hundred years of age,the long-lived“Three Dynasties”were the most prosperous of all.However,the Han and Tang dynasties,which were known as rulers throughout history,had significantly shorter lifespans.Han and Tang Dynasties were of course the first-step target,but the“Three Dynasties”would be a much more perfect object to imitate.Advocating for the“Three Dynasties”also helps to address challenges posed by the Buddhism.However,due to limited ideological resources at that time,the Song Dynasty,both within the court and among the people,could not propose an alternative ideal world beyond the Confucian concept of the“Governance of the Three Dynasties”.Consequently,in comparison to the“Stories of the Han and Tang Dynasties”and the“Ancestral Laws”,the concept of the“Governance of the Three Dynasties”received immense admiration,which also contributed significantly to the revival of Confucianism.

关 键 词：治少乱多 治国方略 三代之治 汉唐故事 祖宗家法 

分 类 号：K244.07[历史地理—历史学]