医患视角下初治中青年肺结核患者延迟重返工作成因的质性研究  

Qualitative study on the causes of delayed return to work among young and middle-aged pulmonary tuberculosis patients from the perspective of doctors and patients

作　　者：钟年好 郑镇泳 吴少玲[2] 胡亚南 谭益冰[1] Zhong Nianhao;Zheng Zhenyong;Wu Shaoling;Hu Yanan;Tan Yibing(School of Nursing,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学护理学院,广东广州510006 [2]广州市胸科医院内二科

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2024年第12期90-93,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：2023年广东省研究生教育创新计划项目(2023SQXX_012);2020年广东省高等教育教学改革项目(粤教高[2020]20号)。

摘　　要：目的深入了解中青年肺结核患者重返工作的成因,为制定中青年肺结核患者重返工作的支持性干预策略提供参考。方法采取现象学研究方法,于2023年5-7月在广州市某专科医院,选取10名结核科医护人员和16例中青年肺结核患者进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi七步分析法分析访谈资料。结果分析得出3个主题及7个亚主题:污名化伤害(强烈的病耻感、工作被区别对待、来自同事的疏离感)、疾病相关恐惧(持续的身体不适、复发恐惧心理)、专科宣教不足(缺乏专业建议、缺乏专业科普)。结论中青年肺结核患者普遍存在延迟重返工作现象,应通过心理干预和多元化支持,帮助中青年肺结核患者在合适的阶段重返工作。Objective To deeply understand the causes of delayed return to work among young and middle-aged pulmonary tuberculosis patients,and to provide reference for the development of supportive intervention strategies for these patients to return to work.Methods Semi-structured interviews with 10 medical staff and 16 young and middle-aged tuberculosis patients were conducted in pursuant to phenomenological design in a specialized hospital in Guangzhou from May to July 2023.Colaizzi seven-step analytical method was used to analyze the interview data.Results Three themes and seven sub-themes were extracted:stigmatization(a strong sense of shame,being treated differently at work,alienation from colleagues),disease-related fear(persistent physical discomfort,fear of recurrence),and lack of specialty-oriented education(lack of professional advice,lack of bringing science-to-the public initiative).Conclusion The phenomenon of delayed return to work is common in young and middle-aged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Psychological intervention and diversified support should be used to help these patient sreturn to work at an appropriate stage.

关 键 词：中青年 肺结核 重返工作 职业康复 社会融入 延迟返岗 医患视角 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学] R492[医药卫生—临床医学]