海上超千米水平井射孔关键技术  

Key technologies for offshore perforation of over kilometre horizontal wells

作　　者：万宏春 李艳飞 葛俊瑞 吴健 冯大龙 杨毅 WAN Hongchun;LI Yanfei;GE Junrui;WU Jian;FENG Dalong;YANG Yi(CNOOC EnerTech-Shanghai Drilling&Producing Branch,Shanghai 200335,China;CNOOC China Limited,Shanghai Branch,Shanghai 200335,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油能源发展股份有限公司上海工程技术分公司,上海200335 [2]中海石油(中国)有限公司上海分公司,上海200335

出　　处：《中国海上油气》2024年第3期174-180,共7页China Offshore Oil and Gas

摘　　要：海上超千米水平井射孔作业难度大,作业安全性面临巨大挑战。以东海某平台底水气藏水平调整井A3H射孔跨度1066.2 m为例,通过分析其射孔作业在传暴失败、射孔冲击载荷大、射孔后管柱遇卡、射孔枪连接密封失效、超长非均质底水气藏控水等方面存在的难点,提出了超千米水平井射孔作业关键技术:射孔参数优选技术,如89 mm厚壁内定向射孔枪、后效复合射孔弹、变孔密、水平向上夹角60°四方位相位;管柱结构优化技术,如减振管柱、防沉砂缓冲装置、大直径防退扣传爆接头、管柱上提下放悬重敏感性计算;射孔点火工艺优选技术,如分段传爆、错峰设置延时点火和瞬间爆轰力计算。现场实践应用表明,本文提出的超千米水平井射孔作业关键技术明显降低了A3H井超长水平井射孔作业风险,实现了初期含水率20%以下、初期产量超配产2倍的效果。本文研究可为超千米底水低渗气藏井开发提供借鉴。The difficulty of perforation operations in offshore horizontal wells exceeding one kilometers is high,and the safety of the operation faces enormous challenges.This paper takes the horizontal adjustment Well A3H of a bottom water gas reservoir with a perforation span of 1066.2 meters in the East China Sea as an example.Firstly,the difficulties in perforating operation,such as failed burst propagation failure,large perforating impact load,post-perforating string sticking,perforating gun connection seal failure,and water control in ultra-long heterogeneous bottom water gas reservoir were analyzed.Based on this,the key technologies for perforation operations in ultra kilometer horizontal wells have been proposed.The first one is perforation parameter optimization technology,such as 89 mm thick wall directional perforating gun,after-effect composite perforating charge,changing hole density,horizontal upward angle of 60°quadrangular phase.The second one is pipe structure optimization technology,such as vibration absorption pipe,anti-settling buffer device,large diameter anti-withdrawal buckle explosion-transmitting joint,lifting and lifting load sensitivity and instantaneous detonation force calculation.The third one is perforation ignition process optimization technology,such as staged detonation,staggered peak setting delay ignition.Field application shows that this perforating scheme significantly reduces the risk of perforating operation in ultra-long Well A3H,and achieves the effect of initial water cut below 20%and initial production over twice.The research provides a reference for the development of low permeability gas reservoir with bottom water exceeding one kilometers.

关 键 词：海上 超千米跨度射孔 水平井射孔 定向射孔 变孔密 

分 类 号：TE952[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] TE257