新疆火烧云铅锌矿床地球化学特征及其地质意义  

Geochemical Characteristics and Geological Significance of the Huoshaoyun Lead-zinc Deposit,Xinjiang

作　　者：任广利 黄朝阳[3] 杨敏[4] 姚安强 赵晓健 张辉善 万建岭 范廷宾[5] REN Guangli;HUANG Chaoyang;YANG Min;YAO Anqiang;ZHAO Xiaojian;ZHANG Huishan;WAN Jianling;FAN Tingbin(Xi’an Center,China Geological Survey/Northwest China Center for Geoscience Innovation,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China;MNR Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China;College of Chongqing Engineering Vocational and Technical,Chongqing 402260,China;Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,School of Resource Engineering,Xi’an 710055,Shaanxi,China;No.8 Geological Party,Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau,Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomos Region,Akesu 843000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心/西北地质科技创新中心,陕西西安710054 [2]自然资源部岩浆作用成矿与找矿重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]重庆工程职业技术学院,重庆402260 [4]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,陕西西安710055 [5]新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产勘查开发局第八地质大队,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《大地构造与成矿学》2024年第3期654-675,共22页Geotectonica et Metallogenia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41802096);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAB05B03);中国地质调查局项目(DD20160002)联合资助。

摘　　要：新疆喀喇昆仑萨岔口‒火烧云一带发现多处铅锌矿床(点),火烧云铅锌矿床以其超大型规模、独特的铅锌碳酸盐矿物组成,受到广泛关注。但是关于其成因存在较大分歧,主要原因是对该矿床铅锌矿物的矿物组构、铅锌硫化物与铅锌碳酸盐矿物之间的演化关系、成矿物质来源的系统研究较为薄弱,制约了对其成因认识。本文从火烧云铅锌矿床的硫化物、碳酸盐矿物的组构特征入手,通过分析不同矿物的C-O-S-Pb同位素组成,认为其成矿物质来源具有壳源特征,推测来源于碳酸盐岩围岩。菱锌矿、方解石、石膏等具有多期成矿特征,晚期纹层状菱锌矿富含Fe、Mn、Cd等,不同期次菱锌矿中Zn、Cd同位素分馏明显,揭示了菱锌矿可能存在原地交代氧化和异地迁移再沉积就位等两种成因。EH4大地电磁测深表明该区深部具有稳定的层间破碎带,为成矿流体的迁移提供通道和就位空间。综上分析认为,火烧云铅锌矿床属MVT+次生氧化改造型。在河尾滩断裂以南马鞍山‒火烧云‒五峰山一带具有良好的成矿条件和找矿前景。Many lead-zinc deposits have been discovered in the Sachakou-Huoshaoyun belt of Karakorum,Xinjiang.Due to its super-large scale and unique carbonate-type lead-zinc mineral assemblages,the Huoshaoyun Pb-Zn deposit has been extensively investigated.However,its formation mechanism remains controversial,largely due to the lack of robust evidence such as the lead-zinc mineral compositions and the relationship between lead-zinc sulfides and carbonate minerals.In this study,the mineral compositions of the lead-zinc sulfides and carbonate minerals in the Huoshaoyun lead-zinc deposit were analyzed.The S,C,O,and Pb isotopic compositions and rare earth element concentrations of minerals from the Huoshaoyun Pb-Zn deposit showed that the source of the ore-forming materials was mainly crust-derived,possibly from host carbonate rocks.Meanwhile,smithsonite displays multi-period mineralization.Zn and Cd isotopic compositions of smithsonite with different genetic characteristics indicated that Zn and Cd isotope fractionations were obvious in all ore-forming stages;we therefore suggest that the origin of smithsonite may include in-situ oxidation and ex situ-migration and re-deposition.The EH4 geophysical exploration also demonstrated that there is a stable interlayer fracture zone in the deep part of this area,which provides a channel and a space for the migration of ore-forming fluids.In summary,it is believed that Huoshaoyun lead-zinc deposit is a MVT+secondary oxidation-modified deposit.According to the EH4 geophysical exploration,in the south of the Heweitan fault,the Maanshan-Huoshaoyun-Wufengshan shows good ore-forming conditions.This study will deepen the theoretical understanding of the oxidation of lead-zinc deposits and have great significance for exploring similar lead-zinc deposits in this region.

关 键 词：火烧云铅锌矿床 矿物组构 非硫化铅锌矿 同位素地球化学 喀喇昆仑 新疆 

分 类 号：P612[天文地球—矿床学]