中国三大棉花种植区域土壤速效钾丰缺指标及推荐施钾量研究  

Study on soil available potassium rich-lack index and recommended potassium application rate of cotton soil in three cotton planting regions of China

作　　者：吕志伟[1] 孙洪仁[2] 张吉萍 吕玉才 程文忠 董伟良 LV Zhi-wei;SUN Hong-ren;ZHANG Ji-ping;LV Yu-cai;CHENG Wen-zhong;DONG Wei-liang(School of Life Sciences,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng Shandong 252000;College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Beijing Liukai Agriculture Science&Technology Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100095;Xinjiang Shawan Tianzhong Farmer Professional Cooperative,Shawan Xinjiang 834700)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学生命科学学院,山东聊城252000 [2]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193 [3]北京六凯农业科技有限公司,北京100095 [4]新疆沙湾天忠农民专业合作社,新疆沙湾834700

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第4期119-127,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家现代牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS-35)。

摘　　要：为给西北内陆棉区、长江流域棉区和黄河流域棉区棉花的钾肥施用提供科学依据,采用“零散实验数据整合法”“反正弦-对数矫正模型”以及“养分平衡-地力差减法”,开展了上述三大棉区棉花土壤速效钾丰缺指标和推荐施钾量研究。结果表明,中国三大棉区土壤速效钾丰缺指标均可划分出5级,西北内陆棉区第1~5级丰缺指标为≥418、166~418、111~166、80~111和<80 mg/kg;长江流域棉区第1~5级丰缺指标为≥357、128~357、81~128、56~81和<56 mg/kg;黄河流域棉区第1~5级丰缺指标为≥213、129~213、102~129、85~102和<85 mg/kg。三大棉区土壤速效钾临界值分别为166.0、127.2和128.4 mg/kg。当钾肥当季利用率为50%,籽棉(皮棉)目标产量为2.5~9.0(1.0~3.6)t/hm^(2)时,第1~5级土壤的推荐施钾量依次为0、30~108、60~216、90~324和120~432 kg/hm^(2)。In order to lay a theoretical basis for soil testing and fertilization of cotton in the Northwest China planting region,Yangtze River planting region and Yellow River planting region,the scattered experimental data integration method,arcsine-log calibration curve and the nutrient balance-soil fertility difference subtraction method were employed to study the rich-lack index(RLI)of soil available potassium(SAK)and the recommended potassium fertilizer application rate(RPFAR)for cotton in these three major planting regions of China.The results showed that the RLIs of SAK in these three regions could all be divided into five levels.The RLIs of SAK for cotton in the Northwest China planting region for the 1st to 5th level were ≥ 418,166-418,111-166,80-111 and <80 mg/kg,respectively.The RLIs of SAK for cotton in the Yangtze River planting region for the 1st to 5th level were ≥ 357,128-357,81-128,56-81 and <56 mg/kg,respectively.The RLIs of SAK for cotton in the Yellow River planting region for the 1st to 5th level were ≥ 213,129-213,102-129,85-102 and <85 mg/kg,respectively.The critical soil test values of SAK in the above three major planting regions were 166.0,127.2and 128.4 mg/kg,respectively.When the targeted yield of seed cotton was 2.5-9.0(ginned cotton,1.0-3.6)t/hm^(2) and the seasonal potassium utilization was 50%,RPFARs for the 1st to 5th level soil from high to low were 0,30-108,60-216,90-324 and 120-432 kg/hm^(2),respectively.

关 键 词：棉花 测土施肥 临界值 速效钾 丰缺指标 施钾量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]