有机肥氮部分替代化肥氮对间作珠芽魔芋生长及养分积累利用的影响  

Effects of organic fertilizer nitrogen partial replacement of chemical fertilizer nitrogen on growth and nutrient accumulation and utilization of intercropped Amorphophallus bulbifer in rubber plantation

作　　者：李娟[1] 涂寒奇 薛欣欣[1] 王秀全[1] LI Juan;TU Han-qi;XUE Xin-xin;WANG Xiu-quan(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Danzhou Investigation&Experiment Station of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Danzhou Hainan 571737)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/农业农村部儋州热带作物科学观测试验站,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第4期175-180,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(1630022020025);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630022022002);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-33-YZ4)

摘　　要：为探索胶园间作珠芽魔芋的合理施氮方法,对有机肥氮部分替代化肥氮对珠芽魔芋生理特性、产量、品质及养分积累利用的影响进行了研究。研究设6个处理,分别为不施氮对照(T1)、当地习惯化肥氮用量(N 450kg/hm^(2))(T2)、80%习惯化肥氮用量+20%有机肥氮用量(T3)、80%习惯化肥氮用量(T4)、60%习惯化肥氮用量+20%有机肥氮用量(T5)、30%习惯化肥氮用量+50%有机肥氮用量(T6)。成熟期测定珠芽魔芋叶片形态指标、叶面球茎数量及倒伏株数、地下球茎产量、可溶性糖、淀粉、葡甘聚糖含量、氮磷钾含量及氮肥利用率。结果表明:与纯施化肥氮相比,有机肥代替部分化肥珠芽魔芋株高、茎粗、叶面球茎数量、繁殖系数增加,抗倒伏能力增强,提高了地下球茎氮肥利用率、产量、单株鲜重、膨大系数及氮、磷、钾吸收量。胶园间作珠芽魔芋的合理施氮模式为80%化肥氮+20%有机肥氮或者30%化肥氮+50%有机肥氮。In order to explore the rational nitrogen application method for intercropped Amorphophallus bulbifer in rubber plantation,the effects of organic fertilizer nitrogen partial replacement of chemical fertilizer nitrogen on physiological characteristics,yield,quality and nutrient accumulation and utilization of intercropped A.bulbifer in rubber plantation were studied.Six treatments were set up,including T1:control without nitrogen,T2:local normal chemical fertilizer nitrogen (N450 kg/hm^(2)),T3:80%normal chemical fertilizer nitrogen+20%organic fertilizer nitrogen,T4:80%normal chemical fertilizer nitrogen,T5:60%normal chemical fertilizer nitrogen+20%organic fertilizer nitrogen,T6:30%normal chemical fertilizer nitrogen+50%organic fertilizer nitrogen.The leaf morphological indexes,the number of bulbils of the leaves and plant lodging rate,yield and quality of underground corms,soluble sugar,starch,glucomannan content and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content and nitrogen use efficiency were determined at maturity stage.The results showed that the plant height,stem diameter,the number of bulbils of the leaves and propagation coefficient of A.bulbifer increased,the lodging resistance was enhanced,and the yield,fresh weight per plant,expansion coefficient and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium absorption and nitrogen use efficiency were increased in organic fertilizer replacing partial chemical fertilizer nitrogen treatment,compared with pure chemical fertilizer nitrogen application treatment.The optimal nitrogen application mode for the intercropped A.bulbifer was 80%chemical fertilizer nitrogen+20%organic fertilizer nitrogen or 30%chemical fertilizer nitrogen+50%organic fertilizer nitrogen.

关 键 词：胶园间作 有机肥氮替代部分无机肥氮 生理特性 产量 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S632.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]