分蘖洋葱伴生对番茄果实品质及根际土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Potato Onion Accompaniment on Fruit Quality and Rhizosphere Soil Nutrients of Tomato

作　　者：吴鹏辉 孔令捷 郎一山 赵海蒙 周浩楠 姜浩楠 吴瑕[1] WU Penghui;KONG Lingjie;LANG Yishan;ZHAO Haimeng;ZHOU Haonan;JIANG Haonan;WU Xia(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第19期33-39,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划“氮肥减施提高番茄氮利用率的生物学机理”(S202210223018);国家青年自然科学基金项目“伴生分蘖洋葱改善番茄氮素吸收与氮转化微生物之间的关系研究”(31801905);黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目“分蘖洋葱/番茄伴生系统减氮增效的土壤生物学机理研究”(LH2021C066);黑龙江八一农垦大学校内博士科研启动资助计划“生物炭对小白菜根区土壤养分及微生物多样性的影响”(XDB201819)。

摘　　要：为探究分蘖洋葱伴生对番茄果实品质和土壤养分的影响,以‘东农708’番茄为试验材料,采用盆栽试验方式,设置单作番茄和分蘖洋葱伴生番茄2个处理。在播种后20、30、40、100d时进行根际土壤取样。在果实成熟后对番茄的第一穗果和第二穗果的品质进行分析。结果显示,分蘖洋葱的伴生番茄果实中维生素C、可溶性糖、糖酸比、可溶性蛋白、番茄红素含量显著高于单作番茄,番茄果实的可滴定酸含量显著低于单作番茄,并且第一穗果营养品质好于第二穗果,而第二穗果口感品质好于第一穗果。分蘖洋葱伴生番茄的根际土pH、EC、速效磷、速效钾、碱解氮、有机质含量都显著高于单作处理,而硝态氮、铵态氮含量显著低于单作处理。综上,分蘖洋葱伴生可增加土壤养分的活性,促进番茄的养分吸收,为番茄生长提供了充足的养分基础,从而改善番茄品质。The paper aims to investigate the effects of potato onion on tomato fruit quality and soil nutrients.Using‘Dongnong 708’tomato as the experimental material,a pot experiment was conducted,with two treatments of monoculture tomato and potato onion associated tomato.Rhizosphere soil samples at 20,30,40 and 100 days after sowing were collected,and the quality of the first and second ear fruits of tomatoes after fruit ripening was analyzed.The results showed that the content of vitamin C,soluble sugar,sugar acid ratio,soluble protein,and lycopene in the accompanying tomato fruits of potato onions was significantly higher than that of monoculture tomatoes.The titratable acid content of tomato fruits was significantly lower than that of monoculture tomatoes,and the nutritional quality of the first ear fruit was better than that of the second ear fruit,while the taste quality of the second ear fruit was also better than that of the first ear fruit.The pH,EC,available phosphorus,available potassium,acid hydrolyzed phosphorus,acid hydrolyzed nitrogen,and organic matter concentration in the rhizosphere soil of tomato associated with potato onion were significantly higher than those of monoculture treatment,while the content of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen was significantly lower than that of monoculture treatment.In summary,potato onions can increase the activity of soil nutrients,promote nutrient absorption by tomatoes,providing sufficient nutrient foundation for tomato growth,and thus improve tomato quality.

关 键 词：番茄 分蘖洋葱 伴生 果实品质 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]