采后香梨梨火疫病菌检测及病原菌存活时间研究  

Detection and Survival Time of Erwinia amylovora in Mature Korla Fragrant Pear

作　　者：赵志强 魏然[2] 郭庆元[2] ZHAO Zhiqiang;WEI Ran;GUO Qingyuan(Institute of Agricultural Sciences,The Fourth Agricultural Production Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Cocodala,Xinjiang 835219;College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第四师农业科学研究所,新疆可克达拉835219 [2]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第19期120-125,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划重大专项“苹果枝枯病病原及流行成灾规律研究”子课题“苹果枝枯病生物传播及阻断技术研究”(2019A01001-2)。

摘　　要：为明确在采后果实上是否携带梨火疫病菌以及在果实上的存活时间,采集库尔勒地区不同梨园的成熟果实,通过活菌定量检测方法,对采后香梨上的梨火疫病菌(Erwinia amylovora)进行动态检测,并对Zeller选择性培养基分离出的菌株进行致病力测定。结果表明,采集的果实上存在E.amylovora。E.amylovora在果实不同部位存活时间由长到短为果面(133 d)>果萼(83 d)/柄洼(83 d)>果柄(63 d);在不同部位的活菌阳性检出率由大到小为果面(6.88%)>果萼(3.75%)>柄洼(2.19%)>果柄(1.57%),且分离出的菌株仍具有致病力。由此可知,加强香梨检疫是防止该病害跨区传播的重要方法。同时,该结果对香梨作为E.amylovora传播源的风险性评估提供了理论依据。To determine whether the Erwinia amylovora was on the mature pear and its survival time,mature fruits from different pear orchards in Korla region were collected.Through the quantitative detection method of living bacteria,the dynamic detection of E.amylovora on the stored pear was carried out,and the pathogenicity of the strains isolated from Zeller selective medium was determined.The survival time of E.amylovora in different parts of pear was as follows:surface(133 d)>calyx(83 d)/stalkhole(83 d)>peduncle(63 d).The viable cells of E.amylovora detection rates of different parts were as follows:fruit surface(6.88%)>calyx(3.75%)>stalkhole(2.19%)>peduncle(1.57%),and the isolated strains of E.amylovora had pathogenicity.In summary,strengthening the quarantine of Korla fragrant pear is an important method to prevent the disease from spreading across regions,and the results provide a theoretical basis for the risk assessment of pear as the vector of E.amylovora.

关 键 词：梨 火疫病 解淀粉欧文氏菌 动态检测 存活时间 

分 类 号：S411[农业科学—植物保护]