锂离子电池稳定金属锂粉预锂化策略研究进展  

Research Progress on Prelithiation Strategies for Stable Metal Lithium Powder in Lithium-ion Batteries

作　　者：静若盈 侯果林 杨井玉 荣峻峰 JING Ruo-ying;HOU Guo-lin;YANG Jing-yu;RONG Jun-feng(Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《化学试剂》2024年第7期66-74,共9页Chemical Reagents

摘　　要：随着经济社会全面绿色转型和新能源汽车产业的蓬勃发展,人们对具有高能量密度的先进锂离子电池产生了巨大需求。然而,锂离子电池在首次充放电过程中,由于固体电解质界面(SEI)膜和不可逆产物的生成会产生巨大的初始活性锂损失,降低了电池的能量密度,严重阻碍了其商业应用。预锂化使电极材料提前接触额外的活性锂源,补偿其在首次循环过程中造成的活性锂损失,是目前提高锂离子电池首效和能量密度的最有效的手段。稳定化金属锂粉末(SLMP)预锂化具有超高的预锂容量,并且预锂工艺简单,是最常用的预锂化方法。综述了SLMP预锂化方法的研究进展,分析其优势及挑战,并展望其未来发展方向,为稳定金属锂粉在预锂化及锂粉稳定化处理等方面的进一步研究提供思路和启发,为提高锂离子电池的首次库伦效率和能量密度提供参考。As the economy and society undergo a comprehensive green transformation and the new energy vehicle industry experiences vigorous growth,there arises a significant demand for advanced lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with high energy density.However,during the initial charge-discharge process of LIBs,substantial initial lithium loss occurs due to the formation of the solid electrolyte interface(SEI)film and irreversible products,leading to a reduction in the energy density of the battery and posing a severe hindrance to its commercial applications.Pre-lithiation,involving the early exposure of electrode materials to additional active lithium sources to offset the active lithium loss incurred during the first cycle,stands as the most effective means to enhance the initial coulombic efficiency(ICE)and energy density of LIBs.Notably,stabilized lithium metal powder(SLMP)pre-lithiation exhibits an ultra-high pre-lithiation capacity and a straightforward pre-lithiation process,rendering it the most commonly employed pre-lithiation method.This paper provided a comprehensive review of the research progress in SLMP pre-lithiation methods,conducted an analysis of their advantages and challenges,and offered insights into future development directions.The paper aims to provide guidance and inspiration for further research on stabilizing lithium metal powder in pre-lithiation and lithium powder stabilization treatments,and to serve as a reference for enhancing the ICE and energy density of LIBs.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 负极 预锂化 稳定金属锂粉 锂损失 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]