经济思潮更替、美国区域政策变迁与空间不均衡陷阱  

Change of Economic Thoughts,the Evolution of U.S.Regional Policy and Spatial Imbalance Trap

作　　者：年猛[1] Nian Meng

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（世界经济导刊）》2023年第11期74-87,共14页JOURNAL OF WORLD ECONOMICS

摘　　要：从美国区域经济发展历程来看,在不同经济思潮流派影响下,美国区域政策的制定和实施也历经由市场机制偏向、政府主导干预偏向再向市场机制偏向的过程,始终无法在政府干预与市场主导之间找到区域政策的平衡点。随着区域之间的发展差距长期得不到彻底解决,美国区域差距问题正逐渐从经济领域扩展到政治领域,各地区在经济、社会、政治方面都在分道扬镀,落入空间不均衡陷阱,让美国付出了沉重的代价。由此,美国一些区域经济学家开始反思在新自由主义思潮指导下的以“基于人”政策为主和现代“基于地”政策为辅构成的“新”区域政策有效性问题。为避免中国由于区域之间发展差距过大而落入“空间不均衡陷阱”、步入美国“后尘”,文章从阐述经济思潮更替对美国区域政策变迁影响的角度出发,总结其区域政策的特征及其存在的主要问题,并在此基础上提出对中国的启示。From the perspective of the development process of the regional economy in the United States,under the influence of different economic thoughts,the formulation and implementation of the regional policy in the United States has also gone through the process of market mechanism bias,government-led intervention bias and then market mechanism bias,and it has always been unable to find the balance point between government intervention and market dominance.As the development gap between regions has not been completely resolved for a long time,the issue of the regional gap in the United States is gradually expanding from the economic field to the political field.Each region is going its own way in the economic,social and political fields,falling into the trap of spatial imbalance,which has made the United States pay a heavy price.As a result,some regional economists in the United States began to rethink on the effectiveness of the"new"regional policy,which is mainly based on the"people-based"policy and supplemented by the modern"place-based"policy under the guidance of the trend of neo-liberalism.In order to avoid China falling into the"spatial imbalance trap"and stepping into the"follow-up"of the United States due to the large development gap between regions,this paper summarizes the characteristics and main problems of its regional policy from the perspective of expounding the impact of the change of economic thoughts on the evolution of American regional policy,and puts forward the enlightenment to China on this basis.

关 键 词：经济思潮更替 空间不均衡陷阱 区域政策 

分 类 号：F171.2[经济管理—世界经济]