河流水质对浮游细菌和致病菌群落的影响  

Effects of river water quality on bacterioplankton and pathogens communities

作　　者：郝婕 张梦汝 张子璇 王洵[3] 刘胜 周维芝 HAO Jie;ZHANG Mengru;ZHANG Zixuan;WANG Xun;LIU Sheng;ZHOU Weizhi(School of Civil Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,Shandong,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,Shandong,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学土建与水利学院,山东济南250061 [2]山东大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266237 [3]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《山东大学学报（工学版）》2024年第3期160-170,共11页Journal of Shandong University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC2807503);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2023QD028,ZR2023QE180)。

摘　　要：针对浮游细菌和致病菌对河流水质的差异化响应问题,以人类干扰较少的怒江干流河段为研究对象,利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析了河流主要水质因子对水体中浮游细菌、致病菌群落结构及功能的影响。研究结果表明,怒江干流河段水质整体较好,其中氨氮浓度与总磷浓度分别达到地表水Ⅲ类、Ⅱ类的水质标准。黄杆菌属、不动杆菌属、假单胞菌属是怒江浮游细菌的优势菌属,其中不动杆菌和假单胞菌作为潜在致病菌具有较高的相对丰度。冗余分析表明,pH对浮游细菌和致病菌群落结构和功能的影响显著。结合氮代谢功能基因预测表明,较高浓度的氮和硅酸盐显著提升了致病菌的丰度,控制氮和硅酸盐的排放可降低水体致病菌富集。本研究揭示了河流中浮游细菌和致病菌对水质的差异化响应,对掌握河流浮游细菌群落变化特征及致病菌风险具有重要意义。Aiming at the differential response of bacterioplankton and pathogens to river water quality,the reach of the main stream of the Nujiang River with less human interference was selected as the research area.16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the effects of main water quality factors on the community structure and function of bacterioplankton and pathogens.The results showed that the water quality of the main stream of the Nujiang River was generally good,and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus reached the standard of Class Ⅲ and Class Ⅱ respectively.Flavobacterium,Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were the dominant bacterial genera in the Nujiang River.The potential pathogens Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were relatively abundant.Redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that pH had a significant effect on the community structure and function of bacterioplankton and pathogens.Combined with the gene prediction of nitrogen metabolism function,the abundance of pathogens was increased by higher concentrations of nitrogen and silicate,so controlling the emission of nitrogen and silicate could reduce the enrichment of pathogens in water.This study revealed the differential response of bacterioplankton and pathogens to water quality in rivers,which was of great significance for understanding the characteristics of plankton community changes and the risk of pathogens in rivers.

关 键 词：水质 浮游细菌 致病菌 怒江 高通量测序 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]