基于相控阵合成孔径的颅骨轮廓快速测量算法研究  

Rapid Cranial Contour Measurement Algorithm Based on Phased-Array Synthetic Aperture

作　　者：李翰则 刘睿旭 周晓青[2] 殷涛[2] 刘志朋[2] 马任[2,3] Li Hanze;Liu Ruixu;Zhou Xiaoqing;Yin Tao;Liu Zhipeng;Ma Ren(School of Faulty of Electrical and Control Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Huludao 125100,Liaoning,China;Institute of Biomedical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Tianjin 300192,China;Tianjin Institutes of Health Science,Tianjin,301600,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学电气与控制工程学院,辽宁葫芦岛125100 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院生物医学工程研究所,天津300192 [3]天津医学健康研究院,天津301600

出　　处：《中国生物医学工程学报》2024年第3期338-347,共10页Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大科研仪器研制项目(81927806);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2021-I2M-1-058,2022-I2M-2-003)。

摘　　要：作为一项新兴的神经调控技术,经颅聚焦超声技术目前广泛应用于脑深部的神经调控与治疗中。颅骨的异形和声参数的极大差异性是导致聚焦超声穿透颅骨后实际焦点的偏移和焦域散焦的主要原因。本研究以合成孔径技术为基础,由相控阵发射超声信号并接收于颅骨内外轮廓反射的回波信号,同时计算得到颅骨轮廓点坐标,实现对颅骨轮廓的快速测量。建立仿真模型,并利用颅骨仿体对算法进行仿真与实验验证。仿真结果表明,颅骨模型外轮廓中心区域的最大探测误差为0.15 mm,边缘区域为0.4 mm;内轮廓中心区域最大探测误差为0.3 mm,边缘区域为0.5 mm。实验结果表明:颅骨仿体外轮廓中心区域的最大探测误差为0.4 mm,边缘区域为0.8 mm;内轮廓中心区域最大探测误差为0.6 mm,边缘区域为0.9 mm。所设计的颅骨轮廓快速测量算法能够实现在2 min内完成颅骨内外轮廓的精确测量,并控制最大测量误差在1 mm以内。与核磁共振扫描(MRI)以及电子计算机断层成像(CT)相比,降低了治疗成本和治疗时间,同时为下一步调整相控阵阵元发射延时,实现在颅内的实时精确聚焦,提供了新的方法和思路。Transcranial focused ultrasound technology as an emerging neuromodulation technology has been widely used in neuromodulation and treatment of the deep brain.The heteromorphism of the skull and the great variability of the acoustic parameters are the main reasons for the shift of the actual focal point and the scattering of the focal domain after the focused ultrasound penetrates the skull.In this study,based on the synthetic aperture technique,a phased array transmitted ultrasound signals and received the echo signals reflected from the inner and outer contours of the skull,and the coordinates of the skull contour points were simultaneously calculated to realize the rapid measurement of the skull contour.A real head simulation model and a skull simulation body were established to simulate and experimentally verify the algorithm.The simulation results showed that the maximum detection error of the outer contour center area of the skull model was 0.15 mm,and the edge area was 0.4 mm;the maximum detection error of the inner contour center area was 0.3 mm,and the edge area was 0.5 mm;the maximum detection error of the inner contour center area is 0.6 mm,and the maximum detection error of the inner contour center area was 0.6 mm,and the maximum detection error of the inner contour center area was 0.6 mm,and the maximum detection error of the inner contour center area was 0.6 mm,and the maximum detection error of the inner contour center area is 0.6 mm.The maximum detection error was 0.6 mm in the center of the inner contour and 0.9 mm in the edge area,and the rapid measurement algorithm designed in this paper was able to complete the accurate measurement of the inner and outer contour of the skull within 2 minutes,and controlled the maximum measurement error within 1 mm.Compared with magnetic resonance scanning(MRI)and electronic computed tomography(CT),it reduced the treatment cost and treatment time,and provided a new method and idea for the next step of adjusting the phased-array array element emission delay to rea

关 键 词：经颅聚焦超声 神经调控 合成孔径技术 相控阵 实时精确聚焦 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]