3个塔罗科血橙品种矿质营养元素的年周期变化规律  

Annual cycle changes of mineral nutrients in three‘Tarocco’blood orange varieties

作　　者：陈泉 张淑康 徐燕 段振刚 周静 CHEN Quan;ZHANC Shu-kang;XU Yan;UAN Zhen-gang;ZHOU Jing(Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wanzhou,Chongqing 404155,China;College of Biology and Food Engineering,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Wanzhou,Chongqing 400401,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡农业科学院,重庆万州404155 [2]重庆三峡学院生物与食品工程学院,重庆万州400401

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第5期1028-1037,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJ202301289858551);重庆市万州区科研项目(wzstc-20230201)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究塔罗科血橙新系、血橙8号和血橙9号3个血橙品种矿质营养元素周年动态变化及其相关性,掌握其养分吸收规律,为血橙科学施肥提供理论依据。【方法】以全年不同月份采集的3个血橙品种叶片为材料,测定叶片中干物质率、全N、全P、全K、Ca、Mg、全B、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn含量,于果实成熟期测定果实各营养元素含量,分析叶片、果实营养元素含量的吸收规律及其相关性。【结果】叶片中,干物质率整体表现为血橙8号>血橙9号>塔罗科血橙新系;全B、Fe、Cu含量变化规律相似,血橙9号Fe含量达到最大值(78.30 mg/kg)的时间较其余2个品种早60 d;全K含量变化与全B、Cu相反,表现为成熟期和幼果期低、果实膨大转色期高;3个品种的全N、全P、Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn变化规律则有差异。果实中,血橙8号的干物质率、全N、全P、全K、Ca、Mg、全B、Cu和Mn含量最高,血橙9号为最低。相关性分析显示,叶片的全N含量与Ca、全B、Cu含量呈极显著相关(P<0.01,下同),而全P与各元素含量的相关性均不显著(P>0.05);果实的干物质率与全P、全K、Ca、Mg、B、Cu、Mn含量均呈极显著正相关;Zn含量与干物质率、全P、全K、Cu、Ca、Mg、全B、Mn含量呈极显著负相关;叶片全K、Fe、Zn、Mn含量与果实全P、全K、Ca、Mg、全B、Cu、Mn含量均呈显著或极显著负相关。【结论】果实发育前期(花期至幼果期),应以施用N、P、K复合肥及Ca、B、Fe、Mn肥为主;果实发育后期(膨大期至成熟期),注意补充P、K肥和Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn等微肥,平衡N肥的施用。[Objective]The present paper aimed to study the annual dynamic changes and correlations of mineral nutrients in three‘Tarocco'blood orange varieties,namely‘Tarocco blood orange new series',Tarocco blood orange No.8'and‘Tarocco blood orange No.9',to un-derstand their nutrient absorption patterns and provide theoretical basis for scientific fertilization of blood orange.[Method]The leaves of three blood orange varieties collected in different months throughout the year were used as materials to determine the dry matter rate,total N,total P,total K,Ca,Mg,total B,Fe,Cu,Zn,Mn contents.The contents of each nutrient element in fruits were determined during the fruit ripe ning period,to analyze the absorption pattern and correlation between the content of nutrient elements in leaves and fruits.[Result]In the leaves,dry matter rate overall showed‘Tarocco blood orange No.8'>‘Tarocco blood orange No.9'>‘Tarocco blood orange new series'.The changes patterns of total B,Fe and Cu were similar.The time when the Fe content of Tarocco blood orange No.9'reached its maximum value(78.30 mg/kg)was 60 days earlier than the other two varieties.The changes of total K content was opposite to that of total B and Cu,which was manifested as low at maturity stage and young fruit stage,and high at fruit enlargement period and color changing period.There were dfferences in the variation rules of total N,total P,Ca,Mg,Zn and Mn among the three varieties.In fruits,Tarocco blood orange No.8'had the highest dry matter rate,total N,total P,total K,Ca,Mg,total B,Cu and Mn content,while‘Tarocco blood orange No.9'was the lowest.Correlation analysis showed that the total N content was extremely significantly correlated with Ca,B,and Cu content in leaves(P<0.01,the same as below),while the correlation between total P and the content of each element was not significant(P>0.05).The dry matter rate was extremely positively correlated with the content of total P,total K,Ca,Mg,B,Cu,and Mn in fruits,while Zn content was extremely negatively corr

关 键 词：塔罗科血橙 矿质营养元素 养分吸收规律 相关性 科学施肥 

分 类 号：S666.4[农业科学—果树学]