极小种群野生植物狭叶坡垒种群结构与动态特征  

Population structure and dynamics characteristics of an extremely small population plant Hopea chinensis(Merr.)Hand.Mazz.

作　　者：贾淇宇 刘雄盛[1] 廖南燕 黄寒梅 黄荣林[1] 肖玉菲 徐刚标[2] 李娟[1] JIA Qi-yu;LIU Xiong-sheng;LIAO Nan-yan;HUANG Han-mei;HUANG Rong-lin;XIAO Yu-fei;XU Gang-biao;LI Juan(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation,Nanning 530002,China;Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Guangxi Fangcheng Jinhua Tea National Nature Reserve Management Center,Fangchenggang,Guangxi 538021,China;Fangchenggang Shiwan Dashan National Nature Reserve Management Bureau,Fangchenggang,Guangxi 535522,China)

机构地区：[1]广西林业科学研究院/广西优质用材林资源培育重点实验室,南宁530002 [2]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004 [3]广西防城金花茶国家级自然保护区管理中心,广西防城港538021 [4]防城港市十万大山国家级自然保护区管理局,广西防城港535522

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第5期1078-1086,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFBA297043)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究极小种群野生植物狭叶坡垒[Hopea chinensis(Merr.) Hand.-Mazz.]的种群结构特征和数量动态特征,探讨种群发展潜力和濒危原因,为狭叶坡垒种质资源的保护和恢复提供参考依据。【方法】采用样地调查法对广西十万大山区域8个狭叶坡垒自然集中分布区进行调查,以空间代替时间分析狭叶坡垒种群结构特征,绘制种群静态生命表和存活曲线,分析种群动态指数及种群生存函数,对种群未来发展趋势进行预测。【结果】狭叶坡垒野生种群龄级结构呈倒J型,幼龄个体数占比较高,表现为增长型结构,种群个体幼龄期淘汰率较高;种群动态指数、随机干扰敏感指标和随机干扰风险概率分别为52.61%、4.38%和8.33%,对外界干扰敏感,环境对个体有较强的选择作用。狭叶坡垒野生种群存活曲线为DeeveyⅡ型的B1亚型,狭叶坡垒种群生存率在Ⅰ~Ⅵ龄级期间随龄级增加而减小,累积死亡率随龄级增加而增加,危险率在Ⅵ龄级达最高值,狭叶坡垒种群在Ⅵ龄级之后进入生理衰退期。时间序列分析表明,除Ⅻ龄级的个体数经过4个龄级时间后保持不变,经过4、6、8、10个龄级时间后,狭叶坡垒各龄级的个体数均呈增加趋势,其中Ⅳ~Ⅷ龄级逐渐成为种群的主体,狭叶坡垒种群总体呈增长状态。【结论】狭叶坡垒野生种群为增长型,种群处于波动变化状态中,对外界干扰敏感。幼苗数量充足,在生境不被破坏的前提下,具有较好的恢复潜力。但幼苗向幼树、幼树向小树转换过程中存在增补限制,制约狭叶坡垒种群发展。[Objective]The study aimed to clarify the extremely small population wild plant Hopea chinensis(Merr.)Hand.-Mazz.of its pop-ulation structure and dynamic characteristics,to reveal the population development potential and endangered reasons so as to provide a refer-ence for the protection and restoration of germplasm resources in H.chinensis.[Method]The sample plot investigation method was used to in-vestigate 8 H.chinensis wild populations of Guangxi Shiwandashan area,the structural characteristics of H.chinensis were studied in space in-stead of time,and meanwhile its population static life table,survival curve,population dynamics indexes and population survival function were analyzed.The future development trend of population was predicted.[Result]The age class structure of H.chinensis wild population showed inverted J type,young individuals of population were relatively more,the population was increasing type,and the elimination rate of population individuals in the young stage was higher.The population dynamic index,random interference sensitivity index and random interference risk probability were 52.61%,4.38%and 8.33%,respectively.The population was sensitive to external interference,and the environment had a strong effect on individual selection.The survival curve of H.chinensis population was B1 subtype of Deevey type Ⅱ.During the Ⅰ~Ⅵ age class periods,the population survival rate decreased with the increase of age class but population cumulative mortality rate increased with age class.The hazard rate reached the highest in the VI class age,after this age class,the population entered the physiological recession phase.Time se-ries analysis showed that,except the number of individuals remained unchanged after 4 age-class periods,after 4,6,8 and 10 age-class peri-ods,the number of individuals of each age class showed an increasing trend,and the age classes Ⅳ~Ⅷ gradually became the mainstay of the population,H.chinensis population was generally in a state of growth.[Conclusion]H.chinensis wild popul

关 键 词：狭叶坡垒 静态生命表 存活曲线 种群动态指数 生存分析 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]