农用地土壤重金属来源解析与健康风险空间分异特征研究——以重庆市巫山县笃坪乡为例  

Analysis of heavy metal sources and spatial differentiation of health risks in agricultural soil:A case study of Duping township,Wushan county,Chongqing

作　　者：刘力[1] 张传华[1] 王钟书 张凤太 邓炜 代杰 LIU Li;ZHANG Chuan-hua;WANG Zhong-shu;ZHANG Feng-tai;DENG Wei;DAI Jie(College of Management,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Chongqing 400042,China;Chongqing Railway Investment Group Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 400025,China;Chongqing Jiangjin District Work Committee of Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party,Chongqing 402260,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学管理学院,重庆400054 [2]重庆地质矿产研究院,重庆400042 [3]重庆铁路投资集团有限公司,重庆400025 [4]中国农工民主党重庆市江津区工作委员会,重庆402260

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第5期1099-1107,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(20AJY005);重庆市社科规划一般项目(2022NDYB80);重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1310,CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1409)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明长江上游地区农用地土壤重金属来源及生态风险状况,进行人体健康风险空间分析,有助于提出有效的土壤重金属污染防治建议。【方法】以重庆市巫山县笃坪乡为研究对象,采集表层土壤样品(深度0~20 cm)45件,基于主成分分析/绝对主成分分数(PCA/APCS)受体模型进行土壤重金属(Cd、Hg、Pb、As和Cr)来源定量分析,通过人体健康风险评价模型进行人体健康风险评价,利用地统计法进行人体健康风险空间分析,得出不同区域的风险等级及影响因素,并针对性地提出风险管控建议。【结果】(1)研究区土壤Cd、Hg、Pb、As、Cr平均含量分别是重庆市土壤背景值的10.67、3.18、1.03、2.05、4.22倍,土壤重金属含量存在显著异常;(2)土壤综合环境质量优先保护类、安全利用类和严格管控类点位占比分别为2.23%、44.44%和53.33%,主要影响因子为Cd和Cr,土壤以酸性为主,对农产品质量安全及土壤生态环境的风险较高;(3)土壤Cd含量主要受到农业活动和成土母质的影响,贡献率分别为58.55%和30.30%,土壤Hg和Cr含量主要受到成土母质的影响,贡献率分别为71.55%和75.41%,土壤As含量主要受到农业活动的影响,贡献率为63.12%,土壤Pb含量主要受到道路交通的影响,贡献率为90.90%;(4)成人非致癌健康风险指数HI>1的点位占比为6.67%,总体健康风险较低,高风险区集中在研究区北部和中部地区,主要影响因子为Cr;农业活动与道路交通贡献率的高值区主要分布在研究区北部。【结论】建议研究区加强对农业投入品的监测,积极开展有机肥代替等化肥减量措施,推广使用电动农用车,减少由于农业活动对土壤重金属的输入。[Objective]Exploring the sources and ecological risks of heavy metals in agricultural soil in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,conducting spatial analysis of human health risks,can help propose effective suggestions for soil heavy metal pollution prevention and con-trol.[Method]45 surface soil samples(depth 0-20 cm)were collected from Duping township,Wushan county,Chongqing.Quantitative a-nalysis of the sources of soil heavy metals(Cd,Hg,Pb,As and Cr)in soil was conducted based on the principal component analysis/absolute principal component fraction(PCA/APCS)receptor model.Human health risk assessment was conducted through a human health risk as-sessment model,and spatial analysis of human health risk was conducted using geostatistics.Risk levels and influencing factors in different regions were given,and targeted risk control suggestions were proposed.[Result](i)The average content of Cd,Hg,Pb,As and Cr in the soil of the study area was 10.67,3.18,1.03,2.05 and 4.22 times of the background value of Chongqing soil,respectively,and the heavy metal content in the soil was significantly abnormal.(ii)The proportion of priority protection,safe utilization,and strict control points for soil com-prehensive environmental quality was 2.23%,44.44%and 53.33%,respectively.The main influencing factors were Cd and Cr,and the soil was mainly acidic,which posed a high risk to the quality and safety of agricultural products and the soil ecological environment.(ii)The Cd content in soil was mainly influenced by agricultural activities and parent materials,with contribution rates of 58.55%and 30.30%,respectively.The content of Hg and Cr in soil was mainly influenced by parent materials,with contribution rates of 71.55%and 75.41%,respectively.The As content in soil was mainly influenced by agricultural activities,with contribution rates of 63.12%,The Pb content in soil was mainly influenced by road traffic,with contribution rates of 90.90%.(iv)The percentage of non-carcinogenic health risk index HI>1 in a-dults was 6.67%,indi

关 键 词：土壤重金属 地统计法 来源解析 人体健康风险评价 风险管控建议 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]