我国国有企业与CPTPP竞争政策的规则对接——以补强“救济中性”为切入  

China’s State-owned Enterprises and the Rule Matching of CPTPP Competition Policy--Strengthening“Remedy Neutrality”as the Entry Point

作　　者：李本[1] 欧阳婧 LI Ben;OUYANG Jing(Law School,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学法学院,上海200444

出　　处：《上海对外经贸大学学报》2024年第4期83-96,共14页Journal of Shanghai University of International Business and Economics

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金重点项目“中国国有企业与CPTPP法律规则对接研究”(项目编号:22AFX020)的资助。

摘　　要：在国际经贸格局与规则重构的当下,中国遭遇欧美投资竞争审查中面临各种被动情形。审视实践中不少国际投融资典型案例,各国竞争审查中的“救济非中性”主要归因于救济手段单边性和措施滥用。我国申请加入CPTPP会涉及竞争审查问题的谈判,其中对遭遇的“救济非中性”问题可借助对CPTPP竞争中性理念的全面阐释来提出相应的中国主张。但CPTPP规则对国有企业构成国企章节和竞争章节的叠加规制,同时对竞争领域的争端救济赋予成员国竞争审查权,且不适用第28章争端解决程序,这有可能对“竞争中性”本应具有的价值目标造成偏离与扭曲。结合联合国发展倡议和OECD的建议性文件,对“竞争中性”内涵的阐释应包含“救济中性”,我国可提出对“救济中性”的补强方案,提倡扩大共识,以更大的格局积极推动竞争执法机构互助与合作,提升CPTPP包容性发展空间;同时在国内统筹考量CPTPP竞争政策,纾解国企改革困境,达成对接的系统性方案。At a time when the international economic and trade pattern and rules are being restructured,China is facing various passive situations when it encounters competition review of European and American investments.Examining many typical international investment and financing cases in practice,the“relief non-neutrality”in the competition review of various countries is mainly attributed to the unilateral nature of the relief means and the abuse of measures.By applying to join the CPTPP negotiation involving competition review,China can put forward corresponding propositions on the“non-neutral remedies”encountered with the help of a comprehensive explanation of the concept of CPTPP’s competition neutrality.However,the CPTPP rules on state-owned enterprises constitute a superimposed regulation of the chapter on state-owned enterprises and the chapter on competition,and at the same time give member states the right to review the competition in the fi eld of competition disputes and do not apply to the dispute settlement procedures in Chapter 28,which may still deviate from and distort the value of the original goal of“competition neutrality”.Combined with the United Nations Development Initiative and the OECD’s proposed document,the connotation of“competition neutrality”should be interpreted to include“relief neutrality”,and our country can put forward a complementary program to“relief neutrality”.China can propose a complementary program to“remedy neutrality”,advocate the expansion of consensus,and actively promote mutual assistance and cooperation among competition law enforcement agencies in a larger pattern,so as to enhance the inclusive development space of CPTPP;at the same time,it should take into account the competition policy of CPTPP in a comprehensive manner in the country,alleviate the predicament of state-owned enterprise reform,and arrive at a systematic program for docking.

关 键 词：CPTPP 救济中性 竞争中性 国企改革 WTO 补贴与反补贴 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学] DF96[政治法律—国际法学]