基于构造导向滤波技术的断层识别方法研究  

Research on fault recognition method based on structure-orientation filtering technology

作　　者：强娟[1] 张宪旭 张毅 邓长生 杜永慧 QIANG Juan;ZHANG Xianxu;ZHANG Yi;DENG Changsheng;DU Yonghui(Xi’an Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710065,Shaanxi,China;Xi’an Research Institute of China Coal Technology and Industry,Xi’an 710077,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司天然气研究院分公司,陕西西安710065 [2]中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《矿产与地质》2024年第3期583-588,共6页Mineral Resources and Geology

基　　金：中煤科工集团科技创新创业资金专项项目“煤层气富集区地震OVT处理与解释关键技术研究”(编号:2023-TD-QN009)资助。

摘　　要：断层是良好的导水通道,其严重威胁着煤矿的安全生产,查明地下断层的发育情况对煤矿防治水害有重要的意义。地震勘探方法是对地下断层解释的重要手段,地震解释工作使用的地震数据必须具有一定的信噪比,但目前所使用的去噪方法具有提高信噪比的同时破坏断层等非连续性信息的缺陷。文章以倾角相干数据为基础求解地层的倾角信息,在倾角信息约束下沿地层倾向进行去噪,提升去噪效果;利用多窗口自适应滤波技术,对断层等边缘信息进行检测,实现在去噪的同时保护非连续信号不被破坏。实际数据的应用效果表明,方法实现了在提高数据信噪比的同时提升对断层的识别能力。Fault is a good water diversion channel,which seriously threatens the safe production of coal mine.Finding out the underground fault is of a great significance to the water disaster prevention and controlling in coal mine.Seismic exploration method is an important means of underground fault interpretation.The seismic data used in seismic interpretation must have a certain signal-to-noise ratio.However,the current noise removal method has the defect of improving the signal-to-noise ratio while destroying the discontinuous information such as faults.In this paper,the dip angle information of the strata is calculated based on the dip coherent data,and the noise is removed along the formation dip to improve effect.Multi-window filter selection technology is used to detect the edge information such as fault,so as to protect the discontinuous information from being damaged while denoising.The application result of actual data shows that the method can improve the ability of fault recognition while improving the signal to noise ratio of data.

关 键 词：断层 噪声去除 相干体 地层倾角 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]