辐射降温聚烯烃纳米纤维膜的制备及其性能  

Preparation and properties of radiation cooling polyolefin nanofiber membrane

作　　者：昌康琪 罗梦颖 赵青华[1] 王栋[1] 李沐芳[1] CHANG Kangqi;LUO Mengying;ZHAO Qinghua;WANG Dong;LI Mufang(Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products(Wuhan Textile University),Ministry of Education,Wuhan,Hubei 430200,China;School of Chemical and Material Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China;Institute of Technology for Marine Civil Engineering,Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518172,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学纺织纤维及制品教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430200 [2]江南大学化学与材料工程学院,江苏无锡214122 [3]深圳信息职业技术学院滨海土木工程技术研究所,广东深圳518172

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第7期24-30,共7页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BAA067);湖北省杰出青年基金项目(2021CFA068);湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队项目(T2021007)。

摘　　要：为提高纳米纤维防护材料的热湿舒适性,利用乙烯-辛烯共聚弹性体(POE)和醋酸丁酸纤维素酯(CAB)为原料,通过熔融共混相分离法制备了辐射降温POE纳米纤维膜,并与乙烯醇-乙烯共聚物(PVA-co-PE)纳米纤维膜、棉织物进行对比,研究其形态结构、红外辐射透过率、降温效果及透湿性。结果表明:POE纳米纤维膜的形态均匀,平均直径为570 nm,其直径及孔径均大于PVA-co-PE纳米纤维膜;POE纳米纤维膜的中红外辐射(7~14μm)透过率接近100%,且随着纳米纤维膜厚度的增加而明显下降。与之对比,PVA-co-PE纳米纤维膜在相应波段的透过率有所下降,而棉织物完全不能透过中红外光;POE纳米纤维膜具有更好的红外辐射降温效果,将其覆盖在加热模块表面后,真空条件下模块温度保持不变,室温条件下模块温度仅升高0.5℃;此外,POE纳米纤维膜表现出良好的透湿性,其透湿率为2845 g/(m 2·d),略低于棉织物的(3530 g/(m 2·d));将POE纳米纤维作为涂层材料涂覆在棉织物表面构筑复合防护膜,可提升棉织物的过滤阻隔性能,且不影响其热湿舒适性。Objective For protective materials,excellent protective performance and wearing comfort are both important for their application.Although the nanofiber membrane has excellent protective performance,the small pore size and narrow pore size distribution prone to produce a stuffy feeling when worn for a long time,and would affect air permeability and moisture permeability.The wearing comfort of nanofiber protective materials still needs to be improved.Many ways are proposed to improve the wearing comfort of protective materials.Among them,the infrared radiation transmittance of the material has an important impact on its temperature regulation function,thus affecting the wearing comfort.Method In order to improve the wearing comfort of nanofiber protective materials,the radiation cooling polyolefin elastomer(POE)nanofiber membrane was prepared by using the melt blended phase separation and subsequent deposition process.The morphology,infrared radiation transmittance,transparency,radiation cooling effect and water vapor transmittance of POE nanofiber membrane were studied and compared with the poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene)(PVA-co-PE)nanofiber membrane and cotton fabric.Results The morphology of POE nanofiber membrane is uniform,with an average diameter of 570 nm,which is larger than that of PVA-co-PE nanofiber membrane.The POE nanofiber membrane is completely transparent to light in the mid-infrared band(7-14μm),with a transmittance of almost 100%.This is mainly because the molecular structure of POE has no groups that can absorb mid-infrared light,and its pore size is much smaller than the mid-infrared wavelength,so it does not affect the mid-infrared radiation transmittance.The infrared radiation transmittance is directly related to the thickness of nanofiber membrane,and it decreases significantly with the increases of POE nanofiber membrane thickness.In contrast,the structure of PVA-co-PE contains groups that can absorb mid-infrared light,so that its transmittance in the corresponding band is reduced,while cot

关 键 词：乙烯醇-乙烯共聚物 乙烯-辛烯共聚弹性体 聚烯烃纳米纤维 防护材料 辐射降温 透湿性 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TS15[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]