含磷氮水性聚氨酯的制备及其在涤纶织物阻燃整理中应用  

Preparation of phosphorus and nitrogen containing waterborne polyurethane and its application in polyester fabrics for flame retardant finishing

作　　者：徐豫松 周杰[1] 甘佳怡 张涛 张先明[1,2] XU Yusong;ZHOU Jie;GAN Jiayi;ZHANG Tao;ZHANG Xianming(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China;Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312030,China;School of Art&Design,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学材料科学与工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江省现代纺织技术创新中心,浙江绍兴312030 [3]浙江理工大学艺术与设计学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第7期112-120,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划资助项目(2023C01095)。

摘　　要：为提高水性聚氨酯(WPU)整理涤纶织物的阻燃效果,以含磷、氮希夫碱衍生物阻燃剂(DOPO-HAMB)为扩链剂合成本质阻燃WPU(FRWPU),通过浸渍法将FRWPU涂敷到涤纶织物表面,研究DOPO-HAMB在FRWPU中的质量百分比对热分解性能、阻燃性能、力学性能和耐水洗性能的影响。结果表明:与原涤纶织物相比,整理后涤纶织物最大热失重速率降低,降低幅度随DOPO-HAMB质量百分比的增加而增加;极限氧指数(LOI)提高至24.5%,比原涤纶织物提高了7.4%;垂直燃烧测试中的黑色烟雾减少,且损毁长度降低至9.7 cm;经向和纬向断裂强力、纬向断裂伸长率与原涤纶织物相比有所提升,而经向断裂伸长率有所降低;50次水洗后的LOI值为21.2%,仍然明显高于原涤纶织物。Objective Polyester fabric has many advantages,including good thermal stability,chemical resistance and excellent mechanical properties,which make it widely used in clothing,furnishings and packaging.However,polyester fabric has a low limiting oxygen index and is flammable.When it burns,the polyester fabric produces a large amount of molten droplets which could quickly spread the flames to other combustible materials,and releases a significant volume of toxic smoke.Statistics show that most casualties in fires are caused by smoke inhalation,with more than one-third of total fire casualties directly attributable to smoke poisoning.Therefore,it is crucial to modify polyester fabric to control the release of smoke as well as the formation of molten droplets during combustion.Method The Schiff base derivative 4-(((4-hydroxyphenyl)imino)methyl)benzene-1,3-diol(HIMB)was prepared and reacted with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphophenanthrene-10 oxide(DOPO)to obtain a phosphorus-and nitrogen-containing Schiff base derivative flame retardant 4-DOPO-(((4-hydroxyphenyl)amino)methyl)benzene 1,3-diol(DOPO-HAMB).DOPO-HAMB was used as a chain extender to introduce into the molecular main chain of waterborne poly urethane(WPU)to prepare inherently flame-retardant waterborne poly-urethane(FRWPU).FRWPU was then applied to the surface of polyester fabrics through an impregnation method,providing the polyester fabrics with flame retardant properties while ensuring mechanical performance.Results Photos and scanning electron microscopy images of the actual polyester fabrics before and after the treatment showed that the treated polyester fabric had a slight yellowing compared to the original polyester fabric,with no significant change in transparency.Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the surface of the treated polyester fabric was coated and the gaps between fibers were almost filled.Thermogravimetric experiments demonstrated that the temperature at 5%thermal decomposition,the temperature at the maximum rate of decomposition

关 键 词：功能纺织品 涤纶织物 水性聚氨酯 阻燃整理 阻燃性能 力学性能 耐水洗性能 

分 类 号：TS195.59[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程] TQ323.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]