动静载荷作用下矿井底板断层突水机制研究  

Study on the mechanism of burst water of mine floor fault under dynamic and static loads

作　　者：黄波[1] 贾方晶 HUANG Bo;JIA Fang-jing(Xinyang Vocational and Technical College,Xinyang 464000,Henan,China;Henan Polytechnic,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳职业技术学院,河南信阳464000 [2]河南职业技术学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《工程爆破》2024年第3期46-53,共8页Engineering Blasting

摘　　要：断层突水是矿井生产中的重大灾害之一,针对矿井底板含水断层和保护层的空间位置关系,利用断裂力学理论建立了动静荷载、开挖卸荷和承压水共同作用下断层突水的力学模型,推导了断层发生活化的临界水压计算公式,并分析了临界水压的影响因素。结果表明:临界水压随断层长度的增加而减小,随卸荷系数的增加而减小,随侧压系数的增加而增加,随摩擦系数的增加而增大;临界水压随断层角度和动荷载的变化较为复杂,动荷载会促进或抑制断层的活化;断层活化是矿井底板发生突水的必要条件;断层贯通保护层未贯通距离H是发生底板突水的充分条件;推导了断底板保护层未贯通段的最小安全厚度H,并通过一组地质数据,验证了理论推导结果的合理与可靠性。Fault burst water is one of the major disasters in mine production.For the spatial location relationship between water-bearing fault and protective layer in mine floor,the mechanical model of fault burst water under the joint action of dynamic and static load,excavation unloading and pressurized water is established by using fracture mechanics theory,the formula of critical water pressure calculation for fault activation is derived,and the influencing factors of critical water pressure are analyzed.The results show that:the critical water pressure decreases with the increase of fault length,decreases with the increase of unloading coefficient,increases with the increase of lateral pressure coefficient,and increases with the increase of friction coefficient;the changes of critical water pressure with fault angle and dynamic load are more complicated,and the dynamic load will promote or inhibit the activation of fault;fault activation is a necessary condition for the occurrence of sudden water in the mine floor;the distance H between fault penetration and protection layer not penetrated is a sufficient condition for the occurrence of sudden water in the floor.The minimum safe thickness H of the unpenetrated section of the protection layer of the broken floor is deduced,and the reasonableness and reliability of the theoretical deduction are verified by a set of geological data.

关 键 词：断层突水 应力强度因子 临界水压 安全距离 

分 类 号：TU452[建筑科学—岩土工程]