狭长低矮城市建筑定向拆除爆破  

Directional demolition blasting of long, narrow and low urban buildings

作　　者：于明亮 李越 刘伟 张俊 YU Ming-liang;LI Yue;LIU Wei;ZHANG Jun(Guangdong Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 410012,China)

机构地区：[1]广东爆破工程有限公司,广州410012

出　　处：《工程爆破》2024年第3期82-88,共7页Engineering Blasting

摘　　要：采用经验公式计算分析了狭长低矮城市建筑拆除爆破所需的爆破参数,设计了狭长低矮城市建筑定向拆除爆破方案,确定了狭长低矮城市建筑定向拆除爆破切口尺寸,分析了狭长低矮城市建筑定向拆除爆破产生的爆破振动及倒塌时产生的振动,最后成功对某狭长低矮待爆建筑进行了定向控制拆除爆破,爆破效果较好。研究结果表明,增加爆高可有效提升待爆建筑定向拆除爆破成功率和建筑物解体破坏程度,并且可大幅度提高清渣效率;飞石问题可通过飞石防护分级设置来改善防护效果;爆炸冲击波可采取局部保留、排架防护、临时拆除窗扇防护措施避免爆炸空气冲击波有害效应;振动影响采用“软体+硬体”防护方式保障地下管道线路安全。研究成果对同类城市建筑定向爆破施工具有一定的参考意义。Empirical formulas were used to calculate and analyze the blasting parameters required for blasting demolition of narrow and long-rise buildings.The blasting demolition plan determined the size of the gap between blasting and demolition of buildings with the narrow and long low.carried out targeted control blasting and demolition on-site applications.The directional control blasting and demolition effect was good.The research results show that increasing high explosions can effectively improve the success rate of targeted blasting demolition and demolition of buildings for burst construction,and can greatly increase the efficiency of scum removal;Protective grading settings to improve the protection effect;Explosive shock waves generated by the blasting of narrow and long urban buildings can adopt local reservations,rack protection,temporary fan protection measures to avoid harmful effects of explosive air shock waves;The vibration effect of the pipeline uses the“soft+hard”material protection method to ensure the safety of underground pipeline lines.The research results have good reference significance for targeted blasting construction in similar cities.

关 键 词：狭长低矮建筑 拆除爆破 飞石防护 塌落振动 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]