抗稻瘟病水稻恢复系的分子标记辅助选育及抗性鉴定  

Molecular marker-assisted selection and resistance evaluation of rice restorer lines resistant to rice blast

作　　者：孙富[1] 唐梅[1] 卢宏琮[1] 何聪[1] 廖张波 SUN Fu;TANG Mei;LU Hong-cong;HE Cong;LIAO Zhang-bo(Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/Guangxi Talent Highland of High Quality Rice Breeding Research/Seed Quality Testing Center,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院水稻研究所/广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室/广西水稻优质化育种研究人才小高地/广西农业科学院种子质量检测中心,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第4期1070-1078,共9页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD20159088);广西特色作物试验站“十四五”建设项目(TS202121);广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2022JM24);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT034)。

摘　　要：【目的】开展抗稻瘟病水稻恢复系的分子标记辅助选育及抗性鉴定,为育成持久、广谱抗病优质杂交水稻新品种提供优异的遗传资源和技术参考。【方法】利用分子标记辅助选择和回交育种技术,将持久、广谱的抗稻瘟病基因Pi1、Pi2和Pigm导入恢复系桂R1703,获得了单基因、双基因和三基因导入系,并对其进行稻瘟病鉴定和农艺性状调查,分析不同抗稻瘟病基因间的抗性效应及抗性基因导入对受体亲本农艺性状的影响。【结果】通过对杂交后代和回交群体的Pi1、Pi2和Pigm基因相关分子标记检测,发现抗稻瘟病基因Pi1、Pi2和Pigm已成功导入到桂R1703中,筛选获得7个携带有抗稻瘟病基因且抗性和农艺性状综合表现优良的导入株系,表现出较强的稻瘟病抗性。单基因导入系中,抗稻瘟病基因的抗性效应排序为为Pigm>Pi2>Pi1;双基因和三基因导入系的稻瘟病抗性均强于单基因导入系,尤其以三基因导入系抗性最强,不同基因聚合的抗性效应排序为Pi1+Pi2+Pigm>Pi2+Pigm>Pi1+Pigm>Pi1+Pi2。7个瘟病抗性基因导入株系与桂R1703在穗长和千粒重方面无显著差异(P>0.05,下同),有2个瘟病抗性基因导入系的株高显著高于桂R1703(P<0.05,下同);有1个瘟病抗性基因导入系的单株有效穗显著高于桂R1703;有3个瘟病抗性基因导入系的单穗总粒数显著高于桂R1703;有5个瘟病抗性基因导入系结实率显著低于桂R1703;有2个瘟病抗性基因导入系的单株产量显著低于桂R1703;有4个瘟病抗性基因导入系的单株产量显著高于桂R1703。【结论】通过分子标记辅助选育可有效聚合多基因(Pi1、Pi2和Pigm基因),使恢复系桂R1703的稻瘟病抗性得到明显提升,获得一系列抗稻瘟病且与亲本其他性状相近的遗传材料,可作为亲本材料用于选育抗病优质的杂交稻。【Objective】The purpose of the study was to carry out molecular marker-assisted selection and resistance evaluation of rice restorer lines resistant to rice blast,and to provide excellent genetic resources and technical reference for breeding new hybrid rice varieties with durable,broad-spectrum disease resistance and good quality.【Method】The durable and broad-spectrum rice blast resistance genes Pi1,Pi2 and Pigm were introduced into restorer line GuiR1703 by molecular marker-assisted selection and backcross breeding techniques.Single-gene,double-gene and triple-gene introgression lines were obtained and subjected to rice blast identification and agronomic traits investigation to analyze the resistance effects among different resistance genes to rice blast and the effects of resistance gene introduction on agronomic traits of the recipient parents.【Result】Molecular markers related to Pi1,Pi2 and Pigm genes were detected in the hybrid progenies and backcross populations.The results showed that rice blast resistance genes Pi1,Pi2 and Pigm had been successfully introduced into GuiR1703.Seven introgression lines carrying rice blast resistance genes with excellent resistance and agronomic traits were screened,showing strong resistance to rice blast.Among the single-gene introgression lines,the resistance effects of rice blast resistance genes were Pigm>Pi2>Pi1.The resistance of double-gene and three-gene introgression lines to rice blast were stronger than that of single-gene introgression lines,and the resistance of three-gene introgression lines was the strongest.The resistance effects of different gene combinations were Pi1+Pi2+Pigm>Pi2+Pigm>Pi1+Pigm>Pi1+Pi2.There was no significant difference in panicle length and 1000-grain weight between the seven rice blast resistance gene introgression lines and GuiR1703(P>0.05,the same below).The plant height of two rice blast resistance gene introgression lines was significantly higher than that of GuiR1703(P<0.05,the same below).The effective panicle per plant of

关 键 词：水稻 恢复系 稻瘟病 抗性基因 分子标记辅助育种 抗性评价 

分 类 号：S511.035.3[农业科学—作物学]