基于电弧声能量特征的焊缝位置检测方法研究  

Study on Welding Seam Position Detection Method Based on Arc Sound Energy Characteristics

作　　者：刘书健 高延峰 张华 LIU Shujian;GAO Yanfeng;ZHANG Hua(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201600,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Robot Technology for Large Components,Shanghai 201600,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院,上海201600 [2]上海市大型构件智能制造机器人技术协同创新中心,上海201600

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2024年第7期31-36,共6页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金项目(21ZR1425900)。

摘　　要：提出了一种磁场激励下基于电弧声短时能量的焊缝位置检测新方法。设计了一个磁控声学传感器,利用纵向磁场激励焊接电弧声以提升电弧声能量,根据焊枪位置发生偏差时声传感器在两个传声通道接收到的电弧声信号短时能量差异原理来检测焊缝位置。对传感器做声学仿真表明,在3700 Hz附近传感器声学响应效果较好。进行了搭接焊实验并采集焊枪不同位置的电弧声信号,带通滤波处理后得到3700 Hz附近的声信号,分析不同位置两通道的电弧声短时能量并计算两通道电弧声短时能量差来检测焊缝位置。结果表明,电弧声短时能量差值能够准确地反映焊枪的偏差情况,验证了所设计的传感器在焊缝位置检测方面的可行性。A new method of welding seam position detection based on the short-term energy of arc sound under magnetic field excitation was proposed.A magnetron acoustic sensor was designed,which used the longitudinal magnetic field to excite the welding arc sound to increase the arc sound energy.The welding seam position was detected based on the short-term energy difference principle of the arc sound signal received by the acoustic sensor in the two sound transmission channels during the deviation of the welding torch.Acoustic simulation of the sensor shows that the acoustic response of the sensor is better around 3700 Hz.Lap welding experiment was carried out,the arc sound signals were collected at different positions of the welding torch.After band-pass filtering,the acoustic signals around 3700 Hz were obtained.The short-term energy of arc sound of the two channels at different positions was analyzed and the short-term energy difference of the two channels was calculated to detect the position of the weld seam.The results show that the short-term energy difference of arc sound can accurately reflect the deviation of the welding torch,which verifies the feasibility of the designed sensor in detecting the weld position.

关 键 词：焊缝位置检测 磁控声学传感器 数值仿真 搭接焊 

分 类 号：TG444.74[金属学及工艺—焊接]