低收入流动女性劳动者的时间贫困及其影响因素  

Time Poverty and Its Influencing Factors Among Low-income Female Migrant Workers

作　　者：李岩 杨云越 Li Yan;Yang Yunyue

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《天府新论》2024年第4期85-99,157,158,共17页New Horizons from Tianfu

基　　金：南京大学“登峰人才支持计划”启动经费资助项目“社会性别视角下农村流动人口社会融入与发展的影响机制与对策研究”(编号:NJU0117/14912205)。

摘　　要：城乡二元制下的低收入流动女性劳动者面临养家糊口和照料家庭的双重压力,她们不得不牺牲个人时间以兼顾工作与家庭,易陷入时间贫困。文章采用解释性混合研究方法,基于2020年CFPS数据,测算三类时间贫困指标并分析影响因素;深入访谈低收入流动女性劳动者,探寻其对于时间贫困的主观感受。研究发现,低收入流动女性劳动者的时间贫困是社会结构和群体特性综合作用的结果,劳动市场的不公平待遇、无酬工作的“隐形”和家庭内部的角色固化、个人主体意识的缺失使其更易陷入时间贫困。由此提出规范有酬工作时长、实施发展型家庭支持政策、完善兜底保障体系等政策建议,模拟政策改变后的积极影响,以期改善低收入流动女性劳动者的时间贫困问题。Under the dual urban-rural system,low-income female migrant workers face the dual pressure of supporting and taking care of their families.They have to sacrifice their personal time to balance work and family,thus falling into time poverty.Based on the 2020 CFPS data,the article adopts an explanatory mixed research method to calculate three types of time poverty indicators and analyze the influencing factors.And this article conducts in-depth interviews with low-income female migrant workers to explore their subjective feelings towards time poverty.The study has found that the time poverty of low-income migrant women′s working is the result of the combined effects of social structure and group characteristics.Unfair treatment in the labor market,“invisible”nature of unpaid work,solidification of roles within families,and lack of individual subjectivity make them more prone to falling into time poverty.Based on this,policy recommendations such as standardizing paid work hours,implementing supportive policies for developing families,and improving the bottom line guarantee system are proposed to simulate the positive impact of policy changes in order to improve the time poverty problem of low-income female migrant workers.

关 键 词：低收入劳动者 流动女性 时间贫困 无酬工作 家庭支持 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] D669.68[经济管理—国民经济]