铜钼分离中辉铜矿抑制剂筛选及其作用机理研究  

Screening of Chalcocite Inhibitor and Its Interaction Mechanism Study in Copper-molybdenum Separation

作　　者：宛鹤[1,2,3] 卫龙 卜显忠 WAN He;WEI Long;BU Xianzhong(School of Resources Engineering,Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi′an 710055,China;Tianqi Lithium Corporation,Chengdu 610000,China;Lithium Resources and Lithium Materials Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]天齐锂业股份有限公司,四川成都610000 [3]锂资源与锂材料四川省重点实验室,四川成都610000

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第6期105-111,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:52274271);锂资源与锂材料四川省重点实验室开放基金(编号:LRMKF202310)。

摘　　要：针对铜钼分离过程中辉铜矿难抑制,常引起钼精矿铜超标的问题,从抑制剂与辉铜矿表面亚铜离子具有较强键合能力的角度,筛选了9种抑制剂并探索了其对辉铜矿和辉钼矿浮选行为的影响,采用吸附量、接触角、动电位、XPS等检测手段进行了铁氰化钾抑制辉铜矿的机理分析。研究结果表明:9种药剂对辉铜矿抑制由强至弱的大致顺序为铁氰化钾、亚铁氰化钾、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、硫氢化钠、双氰胺、巯基乙酸铵、氨基乙酸、硫氰酸铵、L-天门冬氨酸,其中铁氰化钾抑制效果最好,且对辉钼矿的可浮性影响不大;铁氰化钾能够有效吸附于辉铜矿表面,引起辉铜矿表面疏水性和电负性大幅度下降;添加铁氰化钾后,辉铜矿表面的CuO组分大量减少,生成了Cu(OH)_(2)且Fe^(3+)和Fe^(2+)的相对含量分别为18.36%、81.64%;铁氰化钾的作用机制为铁氰化钾水解释放出的大量铁氰酸根竞争吸附于辉铜矿表面,生成铁氰酸亚铜沉淀,并随着氧化还原反应生成了亚铁氰酸亚铜和氢氧化铜等沉淀,这些亲水性沉淀牢固地吸附于辉铜矿表面从而抑制辉铜矿。In the process of copper-molybdenum separation,chalcocite is difficult to be inhibited,which often leads to the problem of excessive copper in molybdenum concentrate.From the perspective of strong bonding ability between inhibitors and cuprous ions on the surface of chalcocite,nine inhibitors were screened and their effects on the flotation behavior of chalcocite and molybdenite were explored.The mechanism of potassium ferricyanide inhibiting chalcocite was analyzed by means of adsorption capacity,contact angle,zeta potential and XPS.The results show that the order of the inhibition effect of nine reagents on chalcocite from strong to weak is potassium ferricyanide,potassium ferrocyanide,disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate,sodium hydrosulfide,dicyandiamide,ammonium thioglycolate,aminoacetic acid,ammonium thiocyanate,L-aspartic acid.Among them,potassium ferricyanide has the best inhibition effect and has little effect on the floatability of molybdenite.Potassium ferricyanide can effectively adsorb onto the surface of chalcocite,resulting in a significant decrease in the hydrophobicity and electronegativity of the surface of chalcocite.After adding potassium ferricyanide,the CuO component on the surface of chalcocite is greatly reduced,and Cu(OH)_(2) is formed,and the relative contents of Fe^(3+)and Fe^(2+)are 18.36%and 81.64%,respectively.The mechanism of action of potassium ferricyanide is that a large amount of ferricyanide ions released by potassium ferricyanide hydrolysis are competitively adsorbed on the surface of chalcocite to form cuprous hexacyanoferrate precipitation,and with the redox reaction,cuprous hexacyanoferrate and copper hydroxide are formed.These hydrophilic precipitates are firmly adsorbed on the surface of chalcocite to inhibit chalcocite.

关 键 词：铜钼分离 辉铜矿 抑制剂 作用机理 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿] TD952