黄豆/旱稻间作与肥料协同作用对矿泥、赤泥土壤化处置的影响  

Effect of Soybean and Upland Rice Intercropping-Fertilizer Synergism on Soil Formation Disposal of Mine Mud and Red Mud

作　　者：杜诚豪 成官文[1,2,3] 王云龙 曾玉辉 张正林 黄振艺[4] DU Chenghao;CHENG Guanwen;WANG Yunlong;ZENG Yuhui;ZHANG Zhenglin;HUANG Zhenyi(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control,Guilin 541006,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Branch,Aluminum Corporation of China Limited,Pingguo 531400,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541006 [2]广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [3]广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541006 [4]中国铝业股份有限公司广西分公司,广西平果531400

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第6期220-228,共9页Metal Mine

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(编号:AB20297039)。

摘　　要：针对矿泥、赤泥大规模堆存对周边环境造成严重污染的问题,以脱水矿泥、赤泥为研究对象,从土壤化处置基质的物理性质、化学性质以及微生物指标入手,探究黄豆/旱稻间作与肥料协同作用对纯矿泥基质及矿泥+赤泥混合基质土壤化效果的影响。结果表明,随着土壤化处置时间的延长,两种基质的电导率呈先上升后下降的趋势,在土壤化过程中始终满足《土地复垦质量控制标准》(TD/T 1036—2013)要求;在土壤化处置115 d后,两种基质的pH值均在8.5以下,满足《矿山生态环境保护治理技术规范》(HJ 651—2013)的要求;矿泥、赤泥混合土壤化处置基质和纯矿泥土壤化处置基质中全氮含量均达到全国第二次土壤普查标准中的一级水平,速效钾含量分别达到2级和4级水平,有效磷含量均为4级水平以上,有机质含量均达到4级水平;在土壤化处置过程中基质粒径增大,容重下降,有利于作物种植;经过黄豆/旱稻间作与肥料协同作用,土壤中微生物多样性增加,种群丰富度提高,物种种群分布更加均匀,生态系统更加健康。本研究结果可为矿泥、赤泥土壤化处置生态修复提供参考。In view of the serious pollution of the surrounding environment caused by the large-scale storage of mine mud and red mud,the dehydrated mine mud and red mud were taken as the research objects,starting from the physical properties,chemical properties and microbial indicators of the soil formation disposal substrates,the effects of soybean and upland rice intercropping-fertilizer synergism on the soil formation effect of pure mine mud substrates and mine mud+red mud mixed substrates were investigated.The results showed that the electrical conductivity of the two substrates increased first and then decreased with the prolongation of soil formation disposal time,and the requirements of Land Reclamation Quality Control Standard were always met in the process of soil formation.The pH values of the two soil formation disposal substrates were all below 8.5 after 115 days of soil formation disposal,which met the requirements of Technical Specification for Mine Ecological Environment Protection and Management.The total nitrogen content in the mine mud and red mud mixed soil formation disposal substrates and the pure mine mud soil formation disposal substrates reached the first level in the second national soil census standard,the available potassium content reached the second and fourth levels respectively,the available phosphorus content was above the fourth level,and the organic matter content reached the fourth level.In the process of soil formation disposal,the particle size of the substrates increased and the volumetric weight decreased,which was beneficial to crop cultivation.After the soybean and upland rice intercropping-fertilizer synergism,the microbial diversity in the soil increased,the population richness increased,the species population distribution was more uniform,and the ecosystem was more healthy.The results of this study can provide a reference for the ecological restoration of soil formation disposal of mine mud and red mud.

关 键 词：矿泥 赤泥 土壤化 肥料 黄豆/旱稻间作 协同生态修复 

分 类 号：TD98[矿业工程—选矿] X75[环境科学与工程—环境工程]