19世纪后期英帝国的帝国联邦诉求及其形成原因  

The Claim of the British Empire to Imperial Federation in the Late Nineteenth Century and the Reasons for its Formation

作　　者：周川又 Zhou Chuanyou

机构地区：[1]埃克塞特大学,英国埃克塞特

出　　处：《史志学刊》2024年第2期17-31,共15页Journal of History and Chorography

基　　金：国家留学基金资助。

摘　　要：19世纪下半叶,急速扩张的英帝国开始遭受来自国内外的双重压力,这些危机迫使同时期的英国人开始思考帝国的未来。放弃帝国,对于那个时代大多数的英国人而言,是一件难以想象的事。因此,如何在预见现下危机可能带来的分离主义时,还能保住帝国的统一,这是19世纪的英国人政治思考的主题之一。基于此种目的,帝国联邦的设想应运而生。其基础理念在于共同防御和地方自治,并以联邦制为主要的政治架构,构建代表制的帝国议会,从而维系帝国的统一,应对国内外的威胁。In the late 19th century,the rapidly expanding British Empire began to suffer from both domestic and foreign pressures,and these crises forced contemporaries to begin thinking about the future of the empire.For most Britons at the time,giving up the empire would have been unimaginable.Thus,one of the central concerns of nineteenth-century British political thought was how to maintain the empire's unity while anticipating the potential for separatism brought about by the current crisis.The concept of"Imperial Federation"was developed with this goal in mind.With federalism serving as the primary political framework,the concept of"Imperial Federation"was developed in order to protect the empire's unity and address both internal and external threats based on common defence,self-government and the establishment of the representative imperial parliament.

关 键 词：帝国联邦 英帝国 19世纪 代表制帝国议会 共同防御 

分 类 号：D756.1[政治法律—政治学] K561.4[政治法律—中外政治制度]