基于发射波束旁瓣零陷的低轨卫星干扰规避策略  

Interference avoidance strategy for LEO satellite based on transmit beam sidelobe nulling

作　　者：王海旺 邹诚 常家超 邵丰伟 姜泉江 李国通 WANG Haiwang;ZOU Cheng;CHANG Jiachao;SHAO Fengwei;JIANG Quanjiang;LI Guotong(Innovation Academy for Microsatellites,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201203,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海201203 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]上海科技大学,上海201210

出　　处：《中国科学院大学学报（中英文）》2024年第4期541-549,共9页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：第4批国家“万人计划”(WRJH19DH01);上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划(19YF1446400)资助。

摘　　要：随着宽带低轨卫星系统的迅速发展,Ku、Ka等通信频段逐渐趋于饱和,非静止轨道(NGSO)卫星在工作时难免对采用相同频率工作的静止轨道(GSO)卫星产生干扰。目前常采用空间隔离的策略来规避干扰,NGSO卫星始终会对共线区域产生最强的干扰,增大隔离角可以减少干扰但会大大损失卫星波束的有效覆盖范围。基于此,提出一种基于发射波束旁瓣零陷的干扰规避策略,通过建立LEO卫星坐标系将天线阵面按行、列阵元划分,在列阵元维度上采用稳健LCMV算法实现宽零陷,在行阵元维度上结合波束指向进行扩展,最终在共线区域方向上形成一条“零陷带”。通过仿真分析,所提策略能在规避共线干扰的同时有效减少LEO卫星的干扰规避隔离区,算法复杂度低,在卫星上易于实现。With the rapid development of broadband low-orbit satellite systems,communication frequency bands such as Ku and Ka tend to be saturated gradually,and non-geostationary orbit(NGSO)satellites will inevitably cause interference to geostationary orbit(GSO)satellites operating at the same frequency.At present,a spatial isolation strategy is often adopted to avoid interference.NGSO satellites always produce the strongest interference to the collinear area.Increasing the isolation angle can reduce the interference,but it will greatly lose the coverage of the LEO satellite.This paper proposes an interference avoidance strategy based on sidelobe nulling of the transmit beam.The antenna array is divided into row and column elements by establishing the LEO satellite coordinate system.In the dimension of column elements,the robust LCMV algorithm is used to realize wide nulling.In the dimension of row elements,it is expanded in combination with beam direction,and finally forms a“null band”in the direction of the collinear area.Through simulation analysis,the proposed strategy can effectively reduce the interference avoidance isolation area of LEO satellites while avoiding collinear interference.The algorithm has low complexity and is easy to implement on satellites.

关 键 词：低轨卫星 干扰规避 波束形成 旁瓣零陷 

分 类 号：TN927[电子电信—通信与信息系统]